我是Yii的初学者,但是碰壁有点困难,希望有人能够帮助我重回正轨。对于经验丰富的Yii用户,我认为这可能是一个相当简单的问题。所以这里...

在 Controller 中,假设我对模型运行了以下调用:

$variable = Post::model()->findAll();

一切正常,我将变量传递到 View 中。这就是我被困住的地方。在上面的查询中返回的数组比我预期的要复杂得多,我正在努力理解它。这是一个示例
print_r($variable);

给-
Array ( [0] => Post Object ( [_md:CActiveRecord:private] => CActiveRecordMetaData Object                             ( [tableSchema] => CMysqlTableSchema Object ( [schemaName] => [name] => tbl_post [rawName] => `tbl_post` [primaryKey] => id [sequenceName] => [foreignKeys] => Array ( ) [columns] => Array ( [id] => CMysqlColumnSchema Object ( [name] => id [rawName] => `id` [allowNull] => [dbType] => int(11) [type] => integer [defaultValue] => [size] => 11 [precision] => 11 [scale] => [isPrimaryKey] => 1 [isForeignKey] => [autoIncrement] => 1 [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) [post] => CMysqlColumnSchema Object ( [name] => post [rawName] => `post` [allowNull] => [dbType] => text [type] => string [defaultValue] => [size] => [precision] => [scale] => [isPrimaryKey] => [isForeignKey] => [autoIncrement] => [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) ) [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) [columns] => Array ( [id] => CMysqlColumnSchema Object ( [name] => id [rawName] => `id` [allowNull] => [dbType] => int(11) [type] => integer [defaultValue] => [size] => 11 [precision] => 11 [scale] => [isPrimaryKey] => 1 [isForeignKey] => [autoIncrement] => 1 [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) [post] => CMysqlColumnSchema Object ( [name] => post [rawName] => `post` [allowNull] => [dbType] => text [type] => string [defaultValue] => [size] => [precision] => [scale] => [isPrimaryKey] => [isForeignKey] => [autoIncrement] => [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) ) [relations] => Array ( [responses] => CHasManyRelation Object ( [limit] => -1 [offset] => -1 [index] => [through] => [joinType] => LEFT OUTER JOIN [on] => [alias] => [with] => Array ( ) [together] => [scopes] => [name] => responses [className] => Response [foreignKey] => post_id [select] => * [condition] => [params] => Array ( ) [group] => [join] => [having] => [order] => [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) ) [attributeDefaults] => Array ( ) [_model:CActiveRecordMetaData:private] => Post Object ( [_md:CActiveRecord:private] => CActiveRecordMetaData Object *RECURSION* [_new:CActiveRecord:private] => [_attributes:CActiveRecord:private] => Array ( ) [_related:CActiveRecord:private] => Array ( ) [_c:CActiveRecord:private] => [_pk:CActiveRecord:private] => [_alias:CActiveRecord:private] => t [_errors:CModel:private] => Array ( ) [_validators:CModel:private] => [_scenario:CModel:private] => [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) ) [_new:CActiveRecord:private] => [_attributes:CActiveRecord:private] => Array ( [id] => 1 [post] => User Post ) [_related:CActiveRecord:private] => Array ( ) [_c:CActiveRecord:private] => [_pk:CActiveRecord:private] => 1 [_alias:CActiveRecord:private] => t [_errors:CModel:private] => Array ( ) [_validators:CModel:private] => [_scenario:CModel:private] => update [_e:CComponent:private] => [_m:CComponent:private] => ) )

[抱歉,如果有一种更简单的方法来显示此数组,我不知道]

谁能向我解释为什么模型返回如此复杂的数组?在您的应用程序中使用什么表或列或关系似乎并不重要,在我看来,它们都可以返回此格式。

另外,有人可以向我解释该结构,以便我隔离要恢复的变量吗?

提前谢谢了,

缺口

最佳答案

更好的print_r
为了在yii中获得更好的print_r输出,可以使用CVarDumper类的dump()dumpAsString()方法。它们还提供了$highlight参数,可以通过正确格式化输出并向其中添加缩进来帮助您理解输出。例:

CVarDumper::dump($variables,10,true);
// 10 is the default depth, and passing true will enable highlighting

为什么以及什么结构?
正如其他答案中已经提到的那样, findAll() 返回一个 CActiveRecord对象数组,因此$variables是一个对象数组,而$variables[0]是第一个Post对象。 Yii的CActiveRecord具有许多对象属性,例如CActiveRecordMetaData对象,而该对象又具有CDbTableSchema对象(并且它是CMysqlTableSchema的子类,这意味着您正在使用mysql)。 print_r只是打印出这些对象,这些对象不过是CActiveRecord主对象的属性。除了这些对象之外,CActiveRecord的attributes属性(它是一个数组)还保存您的实际属性值,因此在输出中的某处您还将看到一个这样的数组:
[CActiveRecord:_attributes] => array
(
    'attributeName' => 'attributeValue'
    'anotherAttributeName' => 'anotherAttributeValue'
    'someAttributeName' => 'someAttributeValue'
    ...
)
这些是您的属性值。

怎么进入?
要访问模型的属性,我们可以同时使用对象属性访问和关联数组访问(可能是因为CActiveRecord的父类CModel实现了php的ArrayAccess interface)。例:
$variables[0]->attributeName;
$variables[0]['attributeName'];
由于yii使用并覆盖了__get php magic方法,因此我们可以执行以下操作:
$variables[0]->attributeName;
// instead of
$variables[0]->attributes['attributeName'];
当然,您可以使用foreach()遍历Post对象数组,如此处另一个答案所示:
foreach($variables as $aPost){
    echo $aPost->attributeName;
    echo $aPost['attributeName'];
    echo $aPost->attributes['attributeName'];
}
要访问关系,只需使用关系名称:
$variables[0]->relationName->attributeOfRelatedTable;
$variables[0]['relationName']->attributeOfRelatedTable;
$variables[0]['relationName']['attributeOfRelatedTable'];
如果您的关系是HAS_MANY,那么当然相关的模型也将作为数组返回:
$variables[0]->relationName[0]->attributeOfRelatedTable;
$variables[0]['relationName'][0]->attributeOfRelatedTable;
$variables[0]['relationName'][0]['attributeOfRelatedTable'];
$variables[0]->relationName[0]['attributeOfRelatedTable'];
同样,在HAS_MANY关系的情况下,您可以迭代关系数组。
编辑:has_many迭代的示例:
foreach($variables as $aPost) { // get each post one by one
    echo $aPost->someAttribute; // or $aPost['someAttribute']
    foreach($aPost->relationName as $aComment) { // say we get each comment of each post
        // or could have done $aPost['relationName'] as $aComment
        echo $aComment->commentAttribute; // or $aComment['commentAttribute']
    }
}

08-06 03:47