Rstudio的编织按钮无法编织包括rJava软件包的rmarkdown(Rmd)文件。但是，如果我使用rmarkdown::render()，则相同的Rmd文件可以毫无问题地呈现到html中。
我可以使用以下代码重现该错误:
test.Rmd的内容:
---
title: "test"
output: html_document
---
```{r}
library(rJava)
```
单击“编织”按钮按钮将返回:
processing file: test.Rmd
Error : .onLoad failed in loadNamespace() for 'rJava', details:
call: dyn.load(file, DLLpath = DLLpath, ...)
error: unable to load shared object '/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library/rJava/libs/rJava.so':
dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library/rJava/libs/rJava.so, 6): Library not loaded: @rpath/libjvm.dylib
Referenced from: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library/rJava/libs/rJava.so
Reason: image not found
Quitting from lines 7-8 (test.Rmd)
Error: package or namespace load failed for 'rJava'
Execution halted
和
rmarkdown::render("test.Rmd")可以正常工作。同样，正常运行library(rJava)(非编织)也可以正常运行(在RStudio中)。在macOS Sierra 10.12中使用RStudio版本1.0.136，knitr 1.15.1，rmarkdown 1.3，rJava 0.9-8，R 3.3.2。
更新:根据@ r2evans的要求添加
Sys.getenv()的输出。 DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH的值有所不同，但我不知道这是否有意义。我用XXX替换了一些私有(private)信息。在由“编织”按钮产生的html文件中:
## __CF_USER_TEXT_ENCODING
## 0x1F5:0x0:0x52
## Apple_PubSub_Socket_Render
## /private/tmp/com.apple.launchd.HvKScioyGU/Render
## DISPLAY :0
## DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH
## /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib
## EDITOR vi
## GIT_ASKPASS rpostback-askpass
## HOME XXX
## LANG en_CA.UTF-8
## LC_CTYPE en_CA.UTF-8
## LN_S ln -s
## LOGNAME XXX
## MAKE make
## NOT_CRAN true
## PAGER /usr/bin/less
## PATH /usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/Library/TeX/texbin
## PWD XXX
## R_ARCH
## R_BROWSER /usr/bin/open
## R_BZIPCMD /usr/bin/bzip2
## R_DOC_DIR /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/doc
## R_GZIPCMD /usr/bin/gzip
## R_HOME /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources
## R_INCLUDE_DIR /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include
## R_LIBS /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library
## R_LIBS_SITE
## R_LIBS_USER ~/Library/R/3.3/library
## R_PAPERSIZE a4
## R_PAPERSIZE_USER a4
## R_PDFVIEWER /usr/bin/open
## R_PLATFORM x86_64-apple-darwin13.4.0
## R_PRINTCMD lpr
## R_QPDF /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/bin/qpdf
## R_RD4PDF times,inconsolata,hyper
## R_SESSION_TMPDIR /var/folders/15/vdvn4fvx0zn0gc93_5krp6h00000gn/T//RtmpiYlwpU
## R_SHARE_DIR /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/share
## R_SYSTEM_ABI osx,gcc,gxx,gfortran,?
## R_TEXI2DVICMD /usr/local/bin/texi2dvi
## R_UNZIPCMD /usr/bin/unzip
## R_ZIPCMD /usr/bin/zip
## RMARKDOWN_MATHJAX_PATH
## /Applications/RStudio.app/Contents/Resources/resources/mathjax-26
## RMARKDOWN_PREVIEW_DIR
## /var/folders/15/vdvn4fvx0zn0gc93_5krp6h00000gn/T//RtmpLe3D9z
## RS_RPOSTBACK_PATH /Applications/RStudio.app/Contents/MacOS/rpostback
## RS_SHARED_SECRET XXX
## RSTUDIO 1
## RSTUDIO_PANDOC /Applications/RStudio.app/Contents/MacOS/pandoc
## RSTUDIO_SESSION_PORT
## XXX
## RSTUDIO_USER_IDENTITY
## XXX
## RSTUDIO_WINUTILS bin/winutils
## SED /usr/bin/sed
## SHELL /bin/bash
## SHLVL 0
## SSH_AUTH_SOCK XXX
## TAR /usr/bin/tar
## TMPDIR /var/folders/15/vdvn4fvx0zn0gc93_5krp6h00000gn/T/
## USER XXX
## XPC_FLAGS 0x0
## XPC_SERVICE_NAME 0
在
rmarkdown::render()生成的文件中:## __CF_USER_TEXT_ENCODING
## 0x1F5:0x0:0x52
## Apple_PubSub_Socket_Render
## /private/tmp/com.apple.launchd.HvKScioyGU/Render
## DISPLAY :0
## DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH
## /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib:/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib:/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib:/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib:/Users/Jayme/lib:/usr/local/lib:/usr/lib::::::::
## EDITOR vi
## GIT_ASKPASS rpostback-askpass
## HOME XXX
## LANG en_CA.UTF-8
## LC_CTYPE en_CA.UTF-8
## LN_S ln -s
## LOGNAME XXX
## MAKE make
## PAGER /usr/bin/less
## PATH /usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/Library/TeX/texbin
## R_BROWSER /usr/bin/open
## R_BZIPCMD /usr/bin/bzip2
## R_DOC_DIR /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/doc
## R_GZIPCMD /usr/bin/gzip
## R_HOME /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources
## R_INCLUDE_DIR /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/include
## R_LIBS_SITE
## R_LIBS_USER ~/Library/R/3.3/library
## R_PAPERSIZE a4
## R_PDFVIEWER /usr/bin/open
## R_PLATFORM x86_64-apple-darwin13.4.0
## R_PRINTCMD lpr
## R_QPDF /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/bin/qpdf
## R_RD4PDF times,inconsolata,hyper
## R_SESSION_TMPDIR /var/folders/15/vdvn4fvx0zn0gc93_5krp6h00000gn/T//RtmpLe3D9z
## R_SHARE_DIR /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/share
## R_SYSTEM_ABI osx,gcc,gxx,gfortran,?
## R_TEXI2DVICMD /usr/local/bin/texi2dvi
## R_UNZIPCMD /usr/bin/unzip
## R_ZIPCMD /usr/bin/zip
## RMARKDOWN_MATHJAX_PATH
## /Applications/RStudio.app/Contents/Resources/resources/mathjax-26
## RS_RPOSTBACK_PATH /Applications/RStudio.app/Contents/MacOS/rpostback
## RS_SHARED_SECRET XXX
## RSTUDIO 1
## RSTUDIO_PANDOC /Applications/RStudio.app/Contents/MacOS/pandoc
## RSTUDIO_SESSION_PORT
## XXX
## RSTUDIO_USER_IDENTITY
## XXX
## RSTUDIO_WINUTILS bin/winutils
## SED /usr/bin/sed
## SHELL /bin/bash
## SSH_AUTH_SOCK XXX
## TAR /usr/bin/tar
## TMPDIR /var/folders/15/vdvn4fvx0zn0gc93_5krp6h00000gn/T/
## USER XXX
## XPC_FLAGS 0x0
## XPC_SERVICE_NAME 0
Update2 来自@ r2evans的评论
在
render()中包括来自.Rmd的DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH会按预期方式更改Sys.getenv()的结果，但是带有编织按钮的错误行为(与上述错误消息相同)，并且render()中没有错误持续存在。新的.Rmd内容为:---
title: "test2"
output: html_document
---
```{r}
Sys.setenv(DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH="/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib:/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib:/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib:/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib:/Users/Jayme/lib:/usr/local/lib:/usr/lib::::::::")
library(rJava)
```
有趣的是，在上面的这个
render()中使用test2.Rmd并包括Sys.getenv()现在会输出两个新变量，这些变量以前并没有出现，也没有使用knit按钮出现:## DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_101.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/server
## LD_LIBRARY_PATH :@JAVA_LD@
我不知道这是否有意义，但是我尝试了一个新的
.Rmd(如下)，它仍然给出相同的错误---
title: "test3"
output: html_document
---
```{r}
Sys.setenv(DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH="/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib:/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib:/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib:/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/lib:/Users/Jayme/lib:/usr/local/lib:/usr/lib::::::::")
Sys.setenv(DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH="/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_101.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/server")
Sys.setenv(LD_LIBRARY_PATH= ":@JAVA_LD@")
library(rJava)
```
最佳答案
在命令行上运行以下命令为我解决了此问题:
sudo R CMD javareconf
关于Rstudio编织按钮无法加载rJava，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42394244/