FreeBSD是一款高性能、高可靠性的UNIX操作系统，它继承了BSD系统的纯净性和高性能，其软件包装和发布也比Linux系统更加严谨，同时也具有更佳的安全性，正是因为这些特性使得FreeBSD操作系统在服务器环境中有比较广泛的应用。下面，我就给大家介绍一下如何在FreeBSD平台下架设一台邮件服务器，希望能够对大家有所帮助。 一、安装webmin 下载webmin-1.070.tar.gz #tar zxvf webmin-1.070.tar.gz #cd webmin-1.070 #./setup.sh 安装后可以对mysql数据库进行管理，比如添加用户，向表里添加数据。 二、数据库的设置 1、安装mysql数据库 本系统使用的是FreeBSD 4.7下ports安装的mysql数据库（当时使用原码安装时在安装postfix时出错，所以使用ports安装就解决了该问题）。 #cd /usr/ports/databases/mysql323-server/ #make install #cd work/mysql-3.23.52/ #scripts/mysql_install_db #cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf #echo “/usr/local/bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql &” >> /etc/rc.local #/usr/local/bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql & 启动mysql服务 2、设置数据库 添加mysql用户： 1）使用webmin－>mysql数据库服务器－>用户权限，添加用户postfix， 密码postfix，主机localhost，并设置拥有相应的权限。 2）使用SQL语句添加用户： #cd /usr/local/bin #./mysql CD mysql Cp Password: mysql>INSERT INTO user (host,user,password) ->VALUES (‘localhost’,‘postfix’,’’); Query OK. I row affected (0.00 sec) mysql>UPDATA user SET password=password(‘postfix’) ->WHERE user=’postfix’; Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK. 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql>GRANT select,insert,update on mail.* TO postfix Query OK. 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql>exit 向数据库中添加表： #cd /usr/local/bin/ #ee postfix.sql CREATE DATABASE; GRANT ALL ON mail.* mail@localhost IDENTIFIED BY “postfix”; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; use mail; CREATE TABLE forward ( username varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘’, //本机地址 forward_addr varchar(255) default NULL, //转发地址 PRIMARY KEY (username) ) TYPE=MyISAM; CREATE TABLE transport ( domain varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘’, //邮件域 transport varchar(icon_cool.gif default NULL, //处理方式 PRIMARY KEY (domain) ) TYPE=MyISAM; CREATE TABLE users ( username varchar(128) NOT NULL default ‘’, //用户名 domain varchar(128) NOT NULL default ‘’, //邮件域 address varchar(128) NOT NULL default ‘’, //邮件地址 password varchar(128) NOT NULL default ‘’, //用户密码（明文） uid int(6) NOT NULL default ‘1024’, //uid gid int(6) NOT NULL default ‘1024’， //gid home varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘/’, //home目录 maildir varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘’, //maildir目录 quota varchar(255) NOT NULL default ‘’, //邮箱容量 mailok tinyint(3) NOT NULL default ‘1’, bool1 tinyint(3) NOT NULL default ‘1’, bool2 tinyint(3) NOT NULL default ‘1’, PRIMARY KEY (address), UNIQUE KEY address (address), KEY address_2 (address) ) TYPE=MyISAM; 输入完毕后保存退出。 #./mysql Cu postfix Cp < postfix.sql #password：postfix 向表中添加数据： #/usr/local/bin #./mysql Cu postfix Cp password:****** mysql>use mail mysql>INSERT INTO transport (domain,transport) ->VALUES (’localhost.com’,’virtual:’); mysql>INSERT INTO users (username,domain,address,password,uid,gid, home,maildir,quota,mailok,bool1,bool2) ->VALUES (‘test’,’localhost.com’,’test.localhost.com’, ’test’,’1024’,’1024’,’/’,’/var/postfix_mail/test/Maildir/’,’5000000’,’1’,’1’,’1’); mysql>exit 三、安装CYRUS-SASL #tar Czxvf cyrus-sasl-1.5.27 #cd cyrus-sasl-1.5.27 #./configure --with-pwcheck=/var/pwcheck --enable-login --enable-plain #make #make install #echo /usr/local/lib/ >> /etc/ld.so.conf #echo /usr/local/lib/mysql/ >> /etc/ld.so.conf #ldconfig #cp /usr/local/include/* /usr/include #cp /usr/local/lib/lib*.* /usr/lib #ln Cs /usr/local/lib/sasl /usr/lib/sasl #ln Cs /usr/local/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql #ln Cs /usr/local/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql 在/usr/local/lib/sasl下建立文件smtpd.conf,添加一下内容： pwcheck_method:mysql mysql_user:postfix mysql_passwd:postfix mysql_host:localhost mysql_database:mail mysql_table:users mysql_uidcol:address mysql_pwdcol:password 四、安装和设置postfix 1、安装postfix 1）编译/etc/rc.conf,设置sendmail_enable=”NO” #mv /usr/bin/newaliases /usr/bin/newaliases.OFF #mv /usr/bin/mailq /usr/bin/mailq.OFF #mv /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/sbin/sendmail.OFF #pw groupadd postfix Cg 1024 #pw groupadd postdrop Cg 1025 #pw useradd postfix Cu 1024 Cg postfix #echo ‘postfix:root’ >> /etc/aliases 2）安装postfix和相应的quota补丁 #tar zxvf postfix-1.1.11.tar.gz #patch < postfix-1.1.11_quota_maildirsize.patch #make Cf Makefile.init makefiles ‘CCARGS=-DUSE_SASL_AUTH CDHAS_MYSQL CI/usr/include/mysql’ ‘AUXLIBS=-L/usr/lib/mysql Clmysqlclient Clasal Clz Clm’ #make #make install 按照默认路径一路回车就可以安装成功postfix，如果出错，在提示“tempdir”时输入：/tmp，这样一般就可以通过。 2、设置postfix postfix默认安装到/etc/postfix目录下，设置文件也在这 #cd /etc/postfix 1）编译主配置文件main.cf #ee main.cf 添加如下内容 #Base configure myhostname = mail.localhost.com //本机的机器名 mydomain = local.com //域名 mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 192.168.0.0/16 //允许不经smtp认证能发信的ip段 home_mailbox = Maildir/ //使用的邮箱格式为Maildir/ smtpd_banner = Welcome to localhost.com mail system! //smtp的欢迎信息 #Mysql configure transport_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/transport.cf //指定那些域的邮件可以被postfix收下来 virtual_mailbox_base =/ //指定用户邮箱所在的根目录 virtual_uid_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/ids.cf //指定postfix帐号的ID virtual_gid_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/gds.cf //指定postfix组的ID virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/users.cf //指定用户邮箱的目录 virtual_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/forward.cf //指定自动转发邮件的设置 #Quota configure message_size_limit = 5000000 //单个邮件大小的限制 virtual_mailbox_limit = 5000000 //默认的邮箱大小 virtual_mailbox_limit_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/quota.cf //每个用户的邮箱大小 virtual_mailbox_limit_override = yes //是否允许覆盖默认的邮箱大小 #smtp configure smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated permit_auth_destination reject smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated inet_interfaces = all //监听所有端口 inet_interfaces = 192.168.80.21 //是外面的用户也可以发送邮件 2）查看master.cf文件必须包含下面一行 Virtual unix - n n - - virtual 3）编译transport.cf #touch transport.cf #ee transport.cf 添加如下内容 user = postfix password = postfix dbname = mail table = transport select_field = transport where_field = domain hosts = localhost
4）编译ids.cf #touch ids.cf #ee ids.cf user = postfix password = postfix dbname = mail table = users select_field = uid where_field = address hosts = localhost 5）编译gds.cf #touch gds.cf #ee gds.cf user = postfix password = postfix dbname = mail table = users select_field = gid where_field = address hosts = localhost 6）编译forward.cf #touch forward.cf #ee forward.cf user = postfix password = postfix dbname = mail table = forward select_field = forward_addr where_field = username hosts = localhost 7）编译users.cf #touch users.cf #ee users.cf user = postfix password = postfix dbname = mail table = users select_field = maildir where_field = address hosts = localhost 8）编译quota.cf #touch quota.cf #ee quota.cf user = postfix password = postfix dbname = mail table = users select_field = quota where_field = address hosts = localhost 3、启动postfix #/usr/sbin/postfix start postfix/postfix-script: starting the Postfix mail system #echo “/usr/sbin/postfix start” >> /etc/rc.local #telnet localhost 25 Connected to localhost.localhost.com. Escape character is ‘^]’. 220 Welcome to localhost mail system! 4、测试postfix 1）建立mail邮件存放目 #cd /var #mkdir postfix_mail #chown CR postfix:postfix /var/postfix_mail 2）使用客户端发邮件 此时可以使用客户端的foxmail或者outlook向用户test.localhost.com发送邮件，然后到/var/postfix/test/Maildir/下查看邮件，如果能收到说明SMTP已经工作正常了，如果有问题仔细检查自己的每个步骤。