问题描述
我的问题有点奇怪.
我希望我创建的表单(带有 JFrame)的颜色应该像这张图片:
I want my created form (with JFrame) coloration should be like to this picture:
我应该使用特殊的外观和感觉吗?
Should i use a special look and feel ?
推荐答案
据我所知，没有这样的内置外观和感觉可用.然而，对于Look&Feel"，Look" 指的是 GUI 小部件(更正式地说，JComponents)的外观，feel" 指的是小部件的行为方式.如果是这样，那么我们总是可以让我们的 Swing 组件在 GUI 中随心所欲地出现.
there is no such built-in Look&Feel available as much as i know. However for "Look&Feel", "Look" refers to the appearance of GUI widgets (more formally, JComponents) and "feel" refers to the way the widgets behave. If so, then we can always make our Swing component to be appeared as we want in the GUI.
图形丰富的高级响应式应用程序散发着酷炫的魅力，从一开始就吸引用户并以兴奋的死亡抓地力抓住他们.他们让用户向他们的朋友介绍这些应用程序.
Advanced responsive applications which are graphically rich ooze cool, sucking users in from the outset and hang onto them with a death grip of excitement. They make users tell their friends about the applications.
然而，要开发图形丰富的 Swing 应用程序，我们必须知道如何在组件上渲染自定义图形，使它们按照我们想要的方式出现(具有闪亮的颜色、漂亮的纹理、移动的动画、漂亮的排版).我们需要学习如何正确地布局组件以将它们相对于另一个进行排列.通过回答您的各种问题，我了解到您想成为一名摇摆怪.嗯:
However, to develop graphically rich Swing application we must know how to render custom graphics on component, making them to appear as we want( with shiny color, beautiful texture, moving animation, nice typography). We need to learn how to layout the component properly to arrange them one relative to another. From answering your various question, i came to understand that you want to be a swing geek. Well:
- 首先，了解Swing JComponent(
JPanel、JLabel、JButton、JList、JTable、JTextPane等)和各种类型的事件监听器以及它们如何响应组件. - 第二，了解
布局管理器.还有其他高级布局管理器可用，这使生活更轻松，但首先要了解标准管理器. - 第三，了解渲染自定义图形 关于摆动部件和摆动喷漆机构.然后是关于字体概念.
- 第四，了解
图形和Graphics2D类，用于渲染龋齿类型的几何对象、图像渲染、纹理、渐变绘制等. - 五，了解Swing中的并发.Swing 不是线程安全的，它维护单线程规则.需要对线程有很好的了解，StackOverflow 几乎每天都因 Swing 的线程问题而溢出.
- 六，收集Filthy Rich Clients这本书，当你几乎完成上述所有内容时，请仔细阅读.
- First, Learn about the Swing JComponent(
JPanel, JLabel, JButton, JList, JTable, JTextPaneetc) and various type of Event listeners and how they responds with the component. - Second, Learn about the
Layout Managers. There are other advanced level layout manager available which makes life easier but learn about the standard managers first. - Third, Learn about rendering custom graphics on swing components and swing painting mechanism. Then about the Font Concept.
- Fourth, Learn about
GraphicsandGraphics2Dclass for rendering carious type of geometric object, image rendering, texturing, gradient painting etc. - Five, Learn about Concurrency in Swing. Swing is not thread safe, it maintain single threading rules. A good knowledge about threading is required, StackOverflow overflowed almost every day with the threading issues with Swing.
- Six, collect the book Filthy Rich Clients and read it thoroughly when you will have nearly finished all of the above.
现在，为您提供一个演示示例:
我已尝试使应用程序尽可能简短和简单.但是我已经做了一些事情来实现您请求的 GUI，如果您不知道它们是如何工作的，那么您不应该这样做，(例如覆盖 paint()函数).在此示例中，我无法收集纹理作为您提供的图像.但我使用了 织物纹理.应用程序需要首先加载纹理图像.密切关注控制台.它会在运行应用程序之前显示以下消息:
I have tried to make the application as much short and simple as possible. But there are somethings i have done to achieve your requested GUI, which you should not do, if you don't know how they work, (for example overriding the paint() function). In this example i could not collect a texture as the image you have provided. But i have used a fabric texture. The application needs to load the texture image first. keep your eye on the console. It will show following message prior to run the application:
请稍候，正在加载纹理:http://www.brewsterwallcovering.com/data/default/images/catalog/original/289-5757.jpg
加载完成.开始演示！
我使用过:GridBagLayout 作为 MainContainer 的窗格布局管理器.彻底查看代码并阅读相应的扩展(扩展 JCompononent 和 JButton)和我为实现更好的 GUI 所做的绘画(对许多评论家来说并没有那么好，但对于 DEMO ......)
I have used: GridBagLayout as the MainContainer's pane layout manager. Have a look at the code thoroughly and read about corresponding extension(extending JCompononent and JButton) and painting i have made to achieve a nicer GUI(Well not so much nicer to many critics, but for DEMO....)
演示源码:
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.logging.*;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.border.*;
/// creating the Button with custom look
class CButton extends JButton
{
BasicStroke basicStroke = new BasicStroke(2.0f);
public CButton(String txt) {
super(txt);
setForeground(Color.WHITE);
setFont(getFont().deriveFont(Font.BOLD, 13));
setContentAreaFilled(false);
setBorder(null);
setCursor(new Cursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
g2d.setColor(new Color(0xFFAA00));
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
g2d.setStroke(basicStroke);
int archH = (getHeight()-4)/2;
g2d.drawRoundRect(3, 3, getWidth()-4, getHeight()-4, archH, archH);
if(getModel().isRollover())
{
g2d.fillRoundRect(3, 3, getWidth()-4, getHeight()-4, archH, archH);
setForeground(Color.black);
}
else
{
setForeground(Color.white);
}
g2d.dispose();
super.paintComponent(g); //To change body of generated methods, choose Tools | Templates.
}
}
/** creating the MainContainer panel with custom look **/
// custom painting to with paintComponent(Graphics g) and paint(Graphics g)
class MainContainer extends JPanel
{
public BufferedImage gradientImage = null;
public static BufferedImage textureImg; // made it static just for easyness
public static boolean loadingFinished = false;
public MainContainer() {
setBorder(new EmptyBorder(50, 50, 50, 50)); // setting the insets
// learn about GridBagLayout from the linked page about LayoutManager
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
JLabel usrNameLabel = new JLabel("User Name");
changeCompFont(usrNameLabel);
JTextField usrNameFeild = new JTextField("user name");
changeCompFont(usrNameFeild);
// create compund border for text and password feild with left padding 5 px
Border compundBorder = BorderFactory.createCompoundBorder(
new LineBorder(Color.white, 2),
new EmptyBorder(2, 5, 2, 2));
usrNameFeild.setBorder(compundBorder);
usrNameFeild.setOpaque(false);
usrNameLabel.setLabelFor(usrNameFeild);
JLabel passwordLabel = new JLabel("Password");
changeCompFont(passwordLabel);
JPasswordField passFeild = new JPasswordField("Password");
changeCompFont(passFeild);
passFeild.setBorder(compundBorder);
passFeild.setOpaque(false);
passwordLabel.setLabelFor(passFeild);
// working with GridBagConstraints, please check out the linked online tutorial
GridBagConstraints labCnst = new GridBagConstraints();
GridBagConstraints txtCnst = new GridBagConstraints();
labCnst.insets = new Insets(0, 0, 5, 10);
txtCnst.insets = new Insets(0, 0, 5, 10);
labCnst.ipady = txtCnst.ipady = 10;
txtCnst.fill = labCnst.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
labCnst.gridx = 0;
txtCnst.gridx = 1;
labCnst.gridwidth = 1;
txtCnst.gridwidth = 2;
labCnst.weightx = 0.3;
txtCnst.weightx = 0.7;
txtCnst.gridy = labCnst.gridy = 0;
add(usrNameLabel, labCnst);
add(usrNameFeild, txtCnst);
txtCnst.gridy = labCnst.gridy = 1;
add(passwordLabel, labCnst);
add(passFeild, txtCnst);
labCnst.gridx = 2;
labCnst.gridy = 2;
labCnst.ipady = 13;
labCnst.insets = new Insets(0, 0, 0, 150);
JButton submitButt = new CButton("Log IN");
add(submitButt, labCnst);
}
public void changeCompFont(JComponent comp)
{
comp.setForeground(Color.WHITE);
comp.setFont(getFont().deriveFont(Font.BOLD, 13));
}
// To PAINT THE TEXTURE ABOVE THE COMPONENTS,
//DON'T DO IT UNTIL YOU UNDERSTAND PAINTING MECHANISM FULLY
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
super.paint(g); //To change body of generated methods, choose Tools | Templates.
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D)g.create(); // cloning to work, it is safer aproach
Rectangle2D txRect = new Rectangle2D.Double(0, 0, textureImg.getWidth(), textureImg.getHeight());
TexturePaint txPaint = new TexturePaint(textureImg, txRect);
g2d.setPaint(txPaint);
//make the texture transparent
g2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_OVER, 0.3f));
g2d.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
g2d.dispose();// disposing the graphics object
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g); //To change body of generated methods, choose Tools | Templates.
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
if(gradientImage==null || gradientImage.getHeight() != getHeight())
{
gradientImage = createGradientImg();
}
g2d.drawImage(gradientImage, 0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), this);
g2d.dispose();
}
public BufferedImage createGradientImg()
{
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(getWidth(), getHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
/// background gradient paint, linear gradient paint for the background
/// Gradient paint rendering could be made more optimized
LinearGradientPaint lgrPaint = new LinearGradientPaint(0.0f, 0.0f, getWidth(), getHeight(),
new float[] { 0.0f, 0.5f, 0.6f, 1.0f },
new Color[] { new Color(0x002AFF),
new Color(0x0CAAF9),
new Color(0x0CAAF9),
new Color(0x002AFF) });
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
g2d.setPaint(lgrPaint);
//g2d.shear(0.2, 0);
g2d.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
g2d.dispose();
//g2d.drawImage(textureImg, 0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), null);
return image;
}
}
public class CustomApp {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// load the texture resource image
System.out.println("Please wait, Loading Texture : http://www.brewsterwallcovering.com/data/default/images/catalog/original/289-5757.jpg");
MainContainer.textureImg = ImageIO.read(new URL("http://www.brewsterwallcovering.com/data/default/images/catalog/original/289-5757.jpg"));
System.out.println("Loading finished. Starting the Demo!");
MainContainer.textureImg = MainContainer.textureImg.getSubimage(0, 0, 200, 200);
// Starting the Swing GUI in the EDT, learn about it
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Demo: LogIn Dialogue");
// set frame size as Demo perposes, otherwise not recommended
frame.setSize(new Dimension(500, 300));
MainContainer container = new MainContainer();
frame.add(new MainContainer());
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
}
这篇关于JFrame着色应该喜欢这张图片的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！