将主机环境变量传递给 dockerfile

问题描述

如何将主机环境变量(如用户和主机名)传递给 dockerfile?

How can I pass a host environment variable (like user and hostname) to a dockerfile?

例如，如果我的用户名是taha:

For example, if my username is taha:

echo $USER
taha

如何编写我的 Docker 文件以获得相同的输出?

How do I write my Docker file to get the same output?

FROM centos:centos7
ARG myuser=$USER
CMD echo $myuser

推荐答案

我遇到了同样的问题.我的解决方案是在 docker-compose.yml 中提供变量，因为 yml 支持使用环境变量.

I was experiencing the same issue. My solution was to provide the variable inside of a docker-compose.yml because yml supports the use of environment variables.

在我看来，这对我来说是最有效的方法，因为我不喜欢在命令行中使用类似 docker run -e myuser=$USER 之类的东西一遍又一遍地输入它...

In my opinion this is the most efficient way for me because I didn't like typing it over and over again in the command line using something like docker run -e myuser=$USER . . .

声明 ENV myuser=$USER 将不起作用，在容器中，$myuser 将被设置为 null.

Declaring ENV myuser=$USER will NOT work, in the container, $myuser will be set to null.

所以你的 docker-compose.yml 可能看起来像这样:

So your docker-compose.yml could look something like this:

version: '3'
services:
  app:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    environment:
       - "myuser=${USER}"

并且可以使用短命令 docker-compose up

要检查变量是否已应用，请运行 docker exec -it container-name printenv 以列出容器中的所有变量.

To check that the variable has been applied, run docker exec -it container-name printenv to list all variables in the container.

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