一、制作自定义镜像（docker commit）
要求：基于centos镜像使用commit创建新的镜像文件。
1、使用镜像启动容器
在该容器基础上修改yum源
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker run -it centos
[root@8d07ecd7e345 /]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
[root@8d07ecd7e345 /]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/dvd.repo
[dvd]
name=dvd
baseurl=ftp://192.168.1.254/system
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[root@8d07ecd7e345 /]# yum clean all
[root@8d07ecd7e345 /]# yum repolist
安装测试软件
[root@8d07ecd7e345 /]# yum -y install net-tools iproute psmisc vim-enhanced
ifconfig查看
[root@8d07ecd7e345 /]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.17.0.3 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:3 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20
ether 02:42:ac:11:00:03 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 2488 bytes 28317945 (27.0 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1858 bytes 130264 (127.2 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@8d07ecd7e345 /]# exit
exit
2、用docker commit另存为另外一个镜像
创建新建镜像
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker start 8d07ecd7e345 //可以简写为8d，要保证唯一性
8d07ecd7e345
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker commit 8d07ecd7e345 myos:v1
sha256:ac3f9c2e8c7e13db183636821783f997890029d687b694f5ce590a473ad82c5f
查看新建的镜像
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker images
验证新建镜像
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker run -it myos:v1
[root@497c7b4664bf /]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.17.0.6 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:6 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20
ether 02:42:ac:11:00:06 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 7 bytes 578 (578.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
二、制作自定义镜像（Dockerfile）
要求：基于centos镜像使用Dockerfile文件创建一个新的镜像文件
Dockerfile语法格式：
– FROM: 基础镜像
– MAINTAINER: 镜像创建者信息(说明)
– EXPOSE: 开放的端口
– ENV: 设置环境变量
– ADD: 复制文件到镜像
– RUN: 制作镜像时执行的命令,可以有多个
– WORKDIR: 定义容器默认工作目录
– CMD: 容器启动时执行的命令,仅可以有一条CMD
1、创建一个Apache的镜像文件
[root@docker1 ~]# mkdir oo
[root@docker1 ~]# cd oo
[root@docker1 oo]# touch Dockerfile //Dockerfile文件第一个字母要大写
[root@docker1 oo]# cp /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo ./
[root@docker1 oo]# vi Dockerfile
FROM myos:v1
RUN yum -y install httpd
ENV EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/httpd
WORKDIR /var/www/html/ //定义容器默认工作目录
RUN echo “test” > /var/www/html/index.html
EXPOSE 80 //设置开放端口号
CMD ["/usr/sbin/httpd", “-DFOREGROUND”]
[root@docker1 oo]# docker build -t myos:http .
[root@docker1 oo]# docker run -d myos:http
d9a5402709b26b42cd304c77be442559a5329dc784ec4f6c90e4abac1c88e206
[root@docker1 oo]# docker inspect d9
[root@docker1 oo]# curl 172.17.0.7
test
三、自定义私有仓库
Docker主机：192.168.1.20； 镜像仓库服务器：192.168.1.10 。
1、定义一个私有仓库
[root@docker1 oo]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json //不写这个文件会报错
{
“insecure-registries” : [“192.168.1.10:5000”] //使用私有仓库运行容器
}
[root@docker1 oo]# systemctl restart docker
[root@docker1 oo]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 registry
273be3d1f3280b392cf382f4b74fea53aed58968122eff69fd016f638505ee0e
[root@docker1 oo]# curl 192.168.1.10:5000/v2/
{} //出现括号
[root@docker1 oo]# docker tag busybox:latest 192.168.1.10:5000/busybox:latest
//打标签
[root@docker1 oo]# docker push 192.168.1.10:5000/busybox:latest //上传
[root@docker1 oo]# docker tag myos:http 192.168.1.10:5000/myos:http
[root@docker1 oo]# docker push 192.168.1.10:5000/myos:http
2、在docker2上面启动
[root@docker2 ~]# scp 192.168.1.10:/etc/docker/daemon.json /etc/docker/
[root@docker2 ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@docker2 ~]# docker images
[root@docker2 ~]# docker run -it 192.168.1.10:5000/myos:http /bin/bash
//直接启动
3、查看私有仓库
查看里面有什么镜像
[root@docker1 oo]# curl http://192.168.1.10:5000/v2/_catalog
{“repositories”:[“busybox”,“myos”]}
查看里面的镜像标签
[root@docker1 oo]# curl http://192.168.1.10:5000/v2/busybox/tags/list
{“name”:“busybox”,“tags”:[“latest”]}
[root@docker1 oo]# curl http://192.168.1.10:5000/v2/myos/tags/list
{“name”:“myos”,“tags”:[“http”]}
四、NFS共享存储
1、配置NFS服务器
[root@room9pc01 ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils
[root@room9pc01 ~]# mkdir /content
[root@room9pc01 ~]# vim /etc/exports
/content *(rw，no_root_squash)
[root@room9pc01 ~]# systemctl restart nfs-server.service
[root@room9pc01 ~]# systemctl restart nfs-secure.service
[root@room9pc01 ~]# exportfs -rv
exporting *:/content
[root@room9pc01 ~]# chmod 777 /content
[root@room9pc01 ~]# echo 11 > /content/index.html
2、配置客户端
[root@docker1 oo]# yum -y install nfs-utils
[root@docker1 oo]# systemctl restart nfs-server.service
[root@docker1 oo]# showmount -e 192.168.1.254
Export list for 192.168.1.254:
/content *
[root@docker1 ~]# mkdir /mnt/qq
[root@docker1 ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.1.254:/content /mnt/qq
[root@docker1 ~]# ls /mnt/qq
index.html
[root@docker1 ~]# cat /mnt/qq/index.html
11
[root@docker1 ~]# docker run -d -p 80:80 -v /mnt/qq:/var/www/html -it myos:http
224248f0df5d795457c43c2a7dad0b7e5ec86abdc3f31d577e72f7929f020e01
[root@docker1 ~]# curl 192.168.1.10
11
[root@docker2 ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils
[root@docker2 ~]# showmount -e 192.168.1.254
Export list for 192.168.1.254:
/content *
[root@docker2 ~]# mkdir /mnt/qq
[root@docker2 ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.1.254:/content /mnt/qq
[root@docker2 ~]# docker run -d -p 80:80 -v /mnt/qq:/var/www/html -it 192.168.1.10:5000/myos:http
00346dabec2c7a12958da4b7fee6551020249cdcb111ad6a1058352d2838742a
[root@docker2 ~]# curl 192.168.1.20
11
[root@docker1 ~]# touch /mnt/qq/a.sh
[root@docker1 ~]# echo 22 > /mnt/qq/index.html
[root@docker2 ~]#ls /mnt/qq/
a.sh index.html
[root@docker2 ~]# cat /mnt/qq/index.html
22
五、创建自定义网桥
创建网桥设备docker01；设定网段为172.30.0.0/16；启动nginx容器，nginx容器桥接docker01设备；映射真实机8080端口与容器的80端口
1、新建docker1网络模型
[root@docker1 ~]# docker network create --subnet=172.30.0.0/16 docker01
c9cf26f911ef2dccb1fd1f670a6c51491e72b49133246f6428dd732c44109462
[root@docker1 ~]# docker network list
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
bc189673f959 bridge bridge local
6622752788ea docker01 bridge local
53bf43bdd584 host host local
ac52d3151ba8 none null local
[root@docker1 ~]# ip a s
[root@docker1 ~]# docker network inspect docker01
[
{
“Name”: “docker01”,
“Id”: “c9cf26f911ef2dccb1fd1f670a6c51491e72b49133246f6428dd732c44109462”,
“Scope”: “local”,
“Driver”: “bridge”,
“EnableIPv6”: false,
“IPAM”: {
“Driver”: “default”,
“Options”: {},
“Config”: [
{
“Subnet”: “172.30.0.0/16”
}
]
},
“Internal”: false,
“Containers”: {},
“Options”: {},
“Labels”: {}
}
]
2、使用自定义网桥启动容器
[root@docker1 ~]# docker run --network=docker01 -id nginx
3、端口映射
[root@docker1 ~]# docker run -p 8080:80 -id nginx
e523b386f9d6194e53d0a5b6b8f5ab4984d062896bab10639e41aef657cb2a53
[root@docker1 ~]# curl 192.168.1.10:8080
4、新建一个网络模型docker02
[root@docker1 ~]# docker network create --driver bridge docker02
//新建一个 名为docker02的网络模型
5496835bd3f53ac220ce3d8be71ce6afc919674711ab3f94e6263b9492c7d2cc
[root@docker1 ~]# ifconfig
//但是在用ifconfig命令查看的时候，显示的名字并不是docker02，而是br-5496835bd3f5
br-5496835bd3f5: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.18.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
ether 02:42:89:6a:a2:72 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 8 bytes 496 (496.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 8 bytes 496 (496.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@docker1 ~]# docker network list //查看显示docker02（查看加粗字样）
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
bc189673f959 bridge bridge local
5496835bd3f5 docker02 bridge local
53bf43bdd584 host host local
ac52d3151ba8 none null local
若要解决使用ifconfig命令可以看到docker02的问题，可以执行以下几步命令
把刚刚创建的docker02网桥删掉
[root@docker1 ~]# docker network rm docker02 //删除docker02
docker02
[root@docker1 ~]# docker network create docker02 -o com.docker.network.bridge.name=docker02 //创建docker02网桥
648bd5da03606d5a1a395c098662b5f820b9400c6878e2582a7ce754c8c05a3a
[root@docker1 ~]# ifconfig //ifconfig查看有docker02
docker02: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.18.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
ether 02:42:94:27:a0:43 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
若想在创建docker03的时候自定义网段（之前已经创建过docker01和02，这里用docker03），执行以下命令
[root@docker1 ~]# docker network create docker03 --subnet=172.30.0.0/16 -o com.docker.network.bridge.name=docker03
f003aa1c0fa20c81e4f73c12dcc79262f1f1d67589d7440175ea01dc0be4d03c
[root@docker1 ~]# ifconfig //ifconfig查看，显示的是自己定义的网段
docker03: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.30.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
ether 02:42:27:9b:95:b3 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0