安装 pfl
之后使用 e-file 命令查找包含缺失的文件的软件包，安装之即可
_ /home/fh # e-file ctexart.cls
* dev-texlive/texlive-langchinese
Available Versions: 2017 2016
Description: TeXLive Chinese
Matched Files: /usr/share/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/ctexart.cls;
_ /home/fh # e-file ctexart.cls
* dev-texlive/texlive-langchinese
Available Versions: 2017 2016
Description: TeXLive Chinese
Matched Files: /usr/share/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ctex/ctexart.cls;