⛄一、打靶仿真系统简介
1 课题描述
2 课题建模过程
a)第一，获取武器的各个参数，并且由这些参数计算武器在方向和高低上的响应公算偏差；
b)第二，射击过程中方向和高低上的偏差呈正态分布。在matlab中取normrnd函数实现改功能（其中，标准差为共算误差）；
c)第三，根据计算值，在靶上作出击中点：靶子的10环半径是0.75m，9环半径是1.75m，以此类推，6环半径是4.75m，6环之外均记为0环，输出每次射击的成绩；
d)第四，计算总环数、平均环数和命中率，命中率为6环以上占10枪的比例。
三、课题实现出现的关键难点
a)刚开始做的时候入手难
由于上课听课不认真，说实话，一开始做程序没法入手，完全不知道该如何进展。
在这种情况下，我先买了一本参考书，并对参考书中仅有的一个实例进行了试验。虽然是完全照抄，但过程中也碰到了不少麻烦，书中有几个对象的tag前后不一致，使得程序无法运行。看了一下书，仔细琢磨后，修改了程序，并成功运行。在这过程中，开始对程序有所了解。
看完GUI那一章，基本上开始有头绪了，然后就开始选定课题，动手设计界面，进行功能上的分析。
选课题的时候也纠结了一下，最后选择了一个4星的题目，确实是因为时间安排上的问题，因为周末还要上双学位的课，平常有什么课也不舍得翘。
b)程序上碰到的问题
因为选题还是蛮简单的，程序上做下来一直很顺利，做图形的时候温习了书中图形的部分，写回调函数的时候温习matlab程序上的一些特点，因为学过c语言，感觉除了matlab有一些特殊的用法，像脚本文件、函数文件，还有几个流程控制语句，其他的都很相似。程序上很快就能上手。
其中碰到几个想实现的功能，如隐去坐标轴、弹出对话框等几个功能，都是上网搜的，经过试验，最后写到了程序当中。
c)声音的添加
这个算是我碰到的比较大的麻烦，加它的时候还以为自己很有创意呢，后来我发现也有同学加了那个功能，但是我在这个过程中确实遇到了很大麻烦。
先有这个想法的时候在网上搜能不能添加背景音乐，发现可以wavread函数，然后在网上找了一段ak47的枪声，没想到这段枪声折腾了我好久。
当然，我知道只能添加.wav格式的音频文件，下载的这段枪声也是.wav格式的，但是怎么也添加不进去。进行调试的时候，进入到wavread函数中，发现了报错跳出来的地方，但是也看不懂。把那一段复制粘贴之后，发现了百度上的一个问题正是关于它的。里面提到有些.wav格式不是标准的格式，可能不能输入到matlab中。我搜索了.wav的内容，确认了这个想法，并下载了转换格式的软件，将这段音频转了n多遍却还是不行。
最后，也是巧合，我在看网页的时候发现windows自带的录音机能够产生标准.wav格式，这就成了我最后的希望。如果这个再不行，我觉得放弃掉加载声音了。当然，最后是成功了。
⛄二、部分源代码
function varargout = target(varargin)
% TARGET M-file for target.fig
% TARGET, by itself, creates a new TARGET or raises the existing
% singleton*.
%
% H = TARGET returns the handle to a new TARGET or the handle to
% the existing singleton*.
%
% TARGET(‘CALLBACK’,hObject,eventData,handles,…) calls the local
% function named CALLBACK in TARGET.M with the given input arguments.
%
% TARGET(‘Property’,‘Value’,…) creates a new TARGET or raises the
% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are
% applied to the GUI before target_OpeningFcn gets called. An
% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
% stop. All inputs are passed to target_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
% *See GUI Options on GUIDE’s Tools menu. Choose “GUI allows only one
% instance to run (singleton)”.
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES
% Edit the above text to modify the response to help target
% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 08-Jue-2021 23:48:24
% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct(‘gui_Name’, mfilename, …
‘gui_Singleton’, gui_Singleton, …
‘gui_OpeningFcn’, @target_OpeningFcn, …
‘gui_OutputFcn’, @target_OutputFcn, …
‘gui_LayoutFcn’, [] , …
‘gui_Callback’, []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end
if nargout
[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
% — Executes just before target is made visible.
function target_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin command line arguments to target (see VARARGIN)
%画靶子
draw;
% Choose default command line output for target
handles.output = hObject;
% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);
% UIWAIT makes target wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);
% — Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = target_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;
% — Executes on button press in close.
function close_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to close (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
close;
function uh_input_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to uh_input (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Hints: get(hObject,‘String’) returns contents of uh_input as text
% str2double(get(hObject,‘String’)) returns contents of uh_input as a double
% — Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function uh_input_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to uh_input (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
% See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,‘BackgroundColor’), get(0,‘defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor’))
set(hObject,‘BackgroundColor’,‘white’);
end
function vh_input_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to vh_input (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Hints: get(hObject,‘String’) returns contents of vh_input as text
% str2double(get(hObject,‘String’)) returns contents of vh_input as a double
% — Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function vh_input_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to vh_input (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
% See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,‘BackgroundColor’), get(0,‘defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor’))
set(hObject,‘BackgroundColor’,‘white’);
end
function vr_input_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to vr_input (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Hints: get(hObject,‘String’) returns contents of vr_input as text
% str2double(get(hObject,‘String’)) returns contents of vr_input as a double
% — Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function vr_input_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to vr_input (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
% See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,‘BackgroundColor’), get(0,‘defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor’))
set(hObject,‘BackgroundColor’,‘white’);
end
function ur_input_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to ur_input (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Hints: get(hObject,‘String’) returns contents of ur_input as text
% str2double(get(hObject,‘String’)) returns contents of ur_input as a double
% — Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function ur_input_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to ur_input (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
% See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,‘BackgroundColor’), get(0,‘defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor’))
set(hObject,‘BackgroundColor’,‘white’);
end
function ah_input_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to ah_input (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Hints: get(hObject,‘String’) returns contents of ah_input as text
% str2double(get(hObject,‘String’)) returns contents of ah_input as a double
% — Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function ah_input_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to ah_input (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
% See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,‘BackgroundColor’), get(0,‘defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor’))
set(hObject,‘BackgroundColor’,‘white’);
end
function ar_input_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to ar_input (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Hints: get(hObject,‘String’) returns contents of ar_input as text
% str2double(get(hObject,‘String’)) returns contents of ar_input as a double
% — Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function ar_input_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to ar_input (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
% See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,‘BackgroundColor’), get(0,‘defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor’))
set(hObject,‘BackgroundColor’,‘white’);
end
function bh_input_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to bh_input (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Hints: get(hObject,‘String’) returns contents of bh_input as text
% str2double(get(hObject,‘String’)) returns contents of bh_input as a double
% — Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function bh_input_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to bh_input (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
% See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,‘BackgroundColor’), get(0,‘defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor’))
set(hObject,‘BackgroundColor’,‘white’);
end
⛄三、运行结果
⛄四、matlab版本及参考文献
1 matlab版本
2014a
2 参考文献
[1]魏丽芬,陈文印.军事打靶虚拟仿真系统开发研究[J].福建电脑. 2022,38(11)
3 备注
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