前言：
最近在部署prometheus的过程中遇到的这个问题，感觉比较的经典，有必要记录一下。
现象是部署prometheus主服务的时候，看不到pod，只能看到deployment，由于慌乱，一度以为是集群有毛病了，然后重新做了集群，具体情况如下图：
注：up-to-date表示没有部署，available表示无可用pod
[root@node4 yaml]# k get deployments.apps -n monitor-sa
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
prometheus-server 0/2 0 0 2m5s
[root@node4 yaml]# k get po -n monitor-sa
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
node-exporter-6ttbl 1/1 Running 0 23h
node-exporter-7ls5t 1/1 Running 0 23h
node-exporter-r287q 1/1 Running 0 23h
node-exporter-z85dm 1/1 Running 0 23h
部署文件如下；
注意注意，有一个sa的引用哦 serviceAccountName: monitor
[root@node4 yaml]# cat prometheus-deploy.yaml
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: prometheus-server
namespace: monitor-sa
labels:
app: prometheus
spec:
replicas: 2
selector:
matchLabels:
app: prometheus
component: server
#matchExpressions:
#- {key: app, operator: In, values: [prometheus]}
#- {key: component, operator: In, values: [server]}
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: prometheus
component: server
annotations:
prometheus.io/scrape: 'false'
spec:
nodeName: node4
serviceAccountName: monitor
containers:
- name: prometheus
image: prom/prometheus:v2.2.1
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
command:
- prometheus
- --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
- --storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus
- --storage.tsdb.retention=720h
ports:
- containerPort: 9090
protocol: TCP
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
name: prometheus-config
subPath: prometheus.yml
- mountPath: /prometheus/
name: prometheus-storage-volume
volumes:
- name: prometheus-config
configMap:
name: prometheus-config
items:
- key: prometheus.yml
path: prometheus.yml
mode: 0644
- name: prometheus-storage-volume
hostPath:
path: /data
type: Directory
解决方案：
那么，遇到这种情况，我们应该怎么做呢？当然了，第一点就是不要慌，其次deployment控制器有一个比较不让人注意的地方，就是编辑deployment可以看到该deployment的当前状态详情，会有非常详细的信息给我们看，也就是status字段
具体的命令是 kubectl edit deployment -n 命名空间 deployment名称，在本例中是这样的：
。。。。。。略略略
path: prometheus.yml
name: prometheus-config
name: prometheus-config
- hostPath:
path: /data
type: Directory
name: prometheus-storage-volume
status:
conditions:
- lastTransitionTime: "2023-11-22T15:21:06Z"
lastUpdateTime: "2023-11-22T15:21:06Z"
message: Deployment does not have minimum availability.
reason: MinimumReplicasUnavailable
status: "False"
type: Available
- lastTransitionTime: "2023-11-22T15:21:06Z"
lastUpdateTime: "2023-11-22T15:21:06Z"
message: 'pods "prometheus-server-78bbb77dd7-" is forbidden: error looking up
service account monitor-sa/monitor: serviceaccount "monitor" not found'
reason: FailedCreate
status: "True"
type: ReplicaFailure
- lastTransitionTime: "2023-11-22T15:31:07Z"
lastUpdateTime: "2023-11-22T15:31:07Z"
message: ReplicaSet "prometheus-server-78bbb77dd7" has timed out progressing.
reason: ProgressDeadlineExceeded
status: "False"
type: Progressing
observedGeneration: 1
unavailableReplicas: 2
可以看到有三个message，第一个是标题里提到的报错信息，在dashboard里这个信息会优先显示，如果是报错的时候，第二个message是进一步解释错误问题在哪，本例里是说有个名叫 monitor的sa没有找到，第三个信息说的是这个deployment控制的rs部署失败，此信息无关紧要了，那么，重要的是第二个信息，这个信息是解决问题的关键。
附：一个正常的deployment 的status：
这个status告诉我们，他是一个副本，部署成功的，因此，第一个message是Deployment has minimum availability
serviceAccount: kube-state-metrics
serviceAccountName: kube-state-metrics
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
status:
availableReplicas: 1
conditions:
- lastTransitionTime: "2023-11-21T14:56:14Z"
lastUpdateTime: "2023-11-21T14:56:14Z"
message: Deployment has minimum availability.
reason: MinimumReplicasAvailable
status: "True"
type: Available
- lastTransitionTime: "2023-11-21T14:56:13Z"
lastUpdateTime: "2023-11-21T14:56:14Z"
message: ReplicaSet "kube-state-metrics-57794dcf65" has successfully progressed.
reason: NewReplicaSetAvailable
status: "True"
type: Progressing
observedGeneration: 1
readyReplicas: 1
replicas: 1
updatedReplicas: 1
具体的解决方案：
根据以上报错信息，那么，我们就需要一个sa，当然了，如果不想给太高的权限，就需要自己编写权限文件了，这里我偷懒 使用cluster-admin，具体的命令如下：
[root@node4 yaml]# k create sa -n monitor-sa monitor
serviceaccount/monitor created
[root@node4 yaml]# k create clusterrolebinding monitor-clusterrolebinding -n monitor-sa --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=monitor-sa:monitor再次部署就成功了：
[root@node4 yaml]# k get po -n monitor-sa -owide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
node-exporter-6ttbl 1/1 Running 0 24h 192.168.123.12 node2 <none> <none>
node-exporter-7ls5t 1/1 Running 0 24h 192.168.123.11 node1 <none> <none>
node-exporter-r287q 1/1 Running 1 (2m57s ago) 24h 192.168.123.14 node4 <none> <none>
node-exporter-z85dm 1/1 Running 0 24h 192.168.123.13 node3 <none> <none>
prometheus-server-78bbb77dd7-6smlt 1/1 Running 0 20s 10.244.41.19 node4 <none> <none>
prometheus-server-78bbb77dd7-fhf5k 1/1 Running 0 20s 10.244.41.18 node4 <none> <none>
总结来了：
那么，其实缺少sa可能会导致pod被隐藏，可以得出，sa是这个deployment的必要非显性依赖，同样的，如果部署文件内有写configmap，但configmap并没有提前创建也会出现这种错误，就是创建了deployment，但pod创建不出来，不像namespace没有提前创建的情况，namespace是必要显性依赖，没有会直接不让创建。
配额设置也是和sa一样的必要非显性依赖。
例如，下面创建一个针对default这个命名空间的配额文件，此文件定义如下：
定义的内容为规定default命名空间下最多4个pods，最多20个services，只能使用10G的内存，5.5的CPU
[root@node4 yaml]# cat quota-nginx.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ResourceQuota
metadata:
name: quota
namespace: default
spec:
hard:
requests.cpu: "5.5"
limits.cpu: "5.5"
requests.memory: 10Gi
limits.memory: 10Gi
pods: "4"
services: "20"
下面创建一个deployment，副本是6个的nginx：
[root@node4 yaml]# cat nginx.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
annotations:
deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: "1"
creationTimestamp: "2023-11-22T16:13:33Z"
generation: 1
labels:
app: nginx
name: nginx
namespace: default
resourceVersion: "16411"
uid: e9a5cdc5-c6f0-45fb-a001-fcdd695eb925
spec:
progressDeadlineSeconds: 600
replicas: 6
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
strategy:
rollingUpdate:
maxSurge: 25%
maxUnavailable: 25%
type: RollingUpdate
template:
metadata:
creationTimestamp: null
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- image: nginx:1.18
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
name: nginx
resources: {}
terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
terminationMessagePolicy: File
resources:
limits:
cpu: 1
memory: 1Gi
requests:
cpu: 500m
memory: 512Mi
dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
restartPolicy: Always
schedulerName: default-scheduler
securityContext: {}
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
创建完毕后，发现只有四个pod，配额有效：
[root@node4 yaml]# k get po
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-54f9858f64-g65pk 1/1 Running 0 4m50s
nginx-54f9858f64-h42vf 1/1 Running 0 4m50s
nginx-54f9858f64-s776t 1/1 Running 0 4m50s
nginx-54f9858f64-wl7wz 1/1 Running 0 4m50s
那么，还有两个pod呢？
[root@node4 yaml]# k get deployments.apps nginx -oyaml |grep message
message: Deployment does not have minimum availability.
message: 'pods "nginx-54f9858f64-p8rxf" is forbidden: exceeded quota: quota, requested:
message: ReplicaSet "nginx-54f9858f64" is progressing.
那么解决的方法也很简单，也就是调整quota啦，怎么调整就不在这里废话了吧！！！！！！！！！~~~~~~