一、帮助启动类命令
启动Docker
docker:systemctl start docker
停止Docker
systemctl stop docker
重启Docker
systemctl restart docker
查看Docker状态
systemctl status docker
开机启动
systemctl enable docker
查看docker概要信息
docker info
查看docker总体帮助文档
docker--help
查看docker命令帮助文档
docker 具体命令 -help
二、镜像命令
列出本地主机上的镜像
docker images
运行示例
[root@docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 2 years ago 13.3kB
[root@docker ~]#
返回说明
- ：表示镜像的仓库源
- ：镜像的标签版本号
- ：镜像ID
- ：镜像创建时间
- ：镜像大小
操作参数
docker images -a
docker images -q
搜索仓库里的某个镜像
docker search [镜像名称]
运行示例
[root@docker ~]# docker search redis
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
redis Redis is an open source key-value store that… 12490 [OK]
redislabs/redisearch Redis With the RedisSearch module pre-loaded… 61
redislabs/redisinsight RedisInsight - The GUI for Redis 94
redis/redis-stack-server redis-stack-server installs a Redis server w… 60
redis/redis-stack redis-stack installs a Redis server with add… 82
redislabs/rebloom A probablistic datatypes module for Redis 25 [OK]
redislabs/redis Clustered in-memory database engine compatib… 40
redislabs/rejson RedisJSON - Enhanced JSON data type processi… 53
redislabs/redisgraph A graph database module for Redis 26 [OK]
redislabs/redismod An automated build of redismod - latest Redi… 41 [OK]
redislabs/redistimeseries A time series database module for Redis 12
redislabs/operator 7
redislabs/operator-internal This repository contains pre-released versio… 1
redislabs/redis-py 5
redislabs/redis-webcli A tiny Flask app to provide access to Redis … 5 [OK]
redislabs/redisgears An automated build of RedisGears 4
redislabs/k8s-controller-internal 0
redislabs/k8s-controller 2
redislabs/memtier_benchmark Docker image to run memtier_benchmark 0
redislabs/ng-redis-raft Redis with redis raft module 0
redislabs/redisai 6
redislabs/olmtest Test artefact for OLM CSV 1
bitnami/redis Bitnami Redis Docker Image 271 [OK]
redislabs/olm-bundle 0
redislabs/redisml A Redis module that implements several machi… 3 [OK]
返回说明
- ：表示镜像名称
- ：镜像说明
- ：镜像的点赞数
- ：是否是官方的
- ：是否是自动构建的
操作参数
docker search --limit 5 [镜像名称]
拉取镜像
docker pull [镜像名称]:[镜像标签/TAG]
运行示例
[root@docker ~]# docker pull ubuntu
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu
7b1a6ab2e44d: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:626ffe58f6e7566e00254b638eb7e0f3b11d4da9675088f4781a50ae288f3322
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest
docker.io/library/ubuntu:latest
[root@docker ~]# docker pull mysql:5.6
5.6: Pulling from library/mysql
35b2232c987e: Pull complete
fc55c00e48f2: Pull complete
0030405130e3: Pull complete
e1fef7f6a8d1: Pull complete
1c76272398bb: Pull complete
f57e698171b6: Pull complete
f5b825b269c0: Pull complete
dcb0af686073: Pull complete
27bbfeb886d1: Pull complete
6f70cc868145: Pull complete
1f6637f4600d: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:20575ecebe6216036d25dab5903808211f1e9ba63dc7825ac20cb975e34cfcae
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.6
docker.io/library/mysql:5.6
[root@docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql 5.6 dd3b2a5dcb48 23 months ago 303MB
ubuntu latest ba6acccedd29 2 years ago 72.8MB
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 2 years ago 13.3kB
[root@docker ~]#
查看镜像/容器/数据卷所占的空间
docker system df
运行示例
[root@docker ~]# docker system df
TYPE TOTAL ACTIVE SIZE RECLAIMABLE
Images 3 1 375.3MB 375.3MB (99%)
Containers 2 0 0B 0B
Local Volumes 0 0 0B 0B
Build Cache 0 0 0B 0B
[root@docker ~]#
返回说明
TYPE 类型：Images镜像，Containers容器，Local Volumes本地卷，Build Cache构建缓存
- 统计数量
- 正在使用的数量
- 磁盘占用大小
- 可回收的空间大小
删除镜像
- 删除单个镜像
docker rmi [镜像名称]:[镜像标签]
docker rmi [镜像ID]
- 删除多个镜像
docker rmi [镜像1名称]:[镜像1标签] [镜像2名称]:[镜像2标签] [镜像3名称]:[镜像3标签]
docker rmi [镜像1ID] [镜像2ID] [镜像3ID]
- 删除全部镜像
docker rmi $(docker images -qa)
运行示例
[root@docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql 5.6 dd3b2a5dcb48 23 months ago 303MB
ubuntu latest ba6acccedd29 2 years ago 72.8MB
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 2 years ago 13.3kB
[root@docker ~]# docker rmi mysql:5.6
Untagged: mysql:5.6
Untagged: mysql@sha256:20575ecebe6216036d25dab5903808211f1e9ba63dc7825ac20cb975e34cfcae
Deleted: sha256:dd3b2a5dcb48ff61113592ed5ddd762581be4387c7bc552375a2159422aa6bf5
Deleted: sha256:8c5e3b50c7085016b7c692611fdedacba442aa0f4ccf8739f4ecf4d5e49b7d91
Deleted: sha256:2ff31bb829f16adc374868d9ef59254f394816aadfeb6b45da5bec5dcde45540
Deleted: sha256:91bcc75c6967ec46f3f19fa96f248ab3a23589788f9e2c4a1a2e032112def863
Deleted: sha256:127296d2ee30c8716069dc23d015d9ecaa1544d0a2c44712db128ae6a9cb1431
Deleted: sha256:fe36f45d1760f56c23a9957254682d74aa6e7fba931dc8f11addf75684b1aa69
Deleted: sha256:8d6550c8cb1e10f9d0cf1ee3061ecef9e2cb333cdfbf58a02ee27cf2dd5fc35a
Deleted: sha256:64e278d98d2502416e0c55646e919f0080a50f9a342b0e28aa9c43655518d3aa
Deleted: sha256:013f70419be70a06c8e4ce898f2dac82be8749cb9979d9e5b1c98dd82519f627
Deleted: sha256:c49bbc9eeced1247fcd625da3e2c2886e89b15a6264899a9ce32cd21d927912e
Deleted: sha256:031797b961ee18c70bff1f3b53cea52f643dbaef6a5ecb0e98fc2696e8b039a5
Deleted: sha256:2b83e5699838047f936a3875bcce7fe1b169983bf86785ae7519c5bc488558ae
[root@docker ~]# docker rmi ba6acccedd29
Untagged: ubuntu:latest
Untagged: ubuntu@sha256:626ffe58f6e7566e00254b638eb7e0f3b11d4da9675088f4781a50ae288f3322
Deleted: sha256:ba6acccedd2923aee4c2acc6a23780b14ed4b8a5fa4e14e252a23b846df9b6c1
Deleted: sha256:9f54eef412758095c8079ac465d494a2872e02e90bf1fb5f12a1641c0d1bb78b
[root@docker ~]#
运行镜像
docker run [操作参数] [镜像名称]:[镜像标识] [命令][参数]
docker run [操作参数] [镜像ID] [命令][参数]
运行示例
[root@docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql 5.6 dd3b2a5dcb48 23 months ago 303MB
ubuntu latest ba6acccedd29 2 years ago 72.8MB
hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 2 years ago 13.3kB
[root@docker ~]# docker rmi mysql:5.6
Untagged: mysql:5.6
Untagged: mysql@sha256:20575ecebe6216036d25dab5903808211f1e9ba63dc7825ac20cb975e34cfcae
Deleted: sha256:dd3b2a5dcb48ff61113592ed5ddd762581be4387c7bc552375a2159422aa6bf5
Deleted: sha256:8c5e3b50c7085016b7c692611fdedacba442aa0f4ccf8739f4ecf4d5e49b7d91
Deleted: sha256:2ff31bb829f16adc374868d9ef59254f394816aadfeb6b45da5bec5dcde45540
Deleted: sha256:91bcc75c6967ec46f3f19fa96f248ab3a23589788f9e2c4a1a2e032112def863
Deleted: sha256:127296d2ee30c8716069dc23d015d9ecaa1544d0a2c44712db128ae6a9cb1431
Deleted: sha256:fe36f45d1760f56c23a9957254682d74aa6e7fba931dc8f11addf75684b1aa69
Deleted: sha256:8d6550c8cb1e10f9d0cf1ee3061ecef9e2cb333cdfbf58a02ee27cf2dd5fc35a
Deleted: sha256:64e278d98d2502416e0c55646e919f0080a50f9a342b0e28aa9c43655518d3aa
Deleted: sha256:013f70419be70a06c8e4ce898f2dac82be8749cb9979d9e5b1c98dd82519f627
Deleted: sha256:c49bbc9eeced1247fcd625da3e2c2886e89b15a6264899a9ce32cd21d927912e
Deleted: sha256:031797b961ee18c70bff1f3b53cea52f643dbaef6a5ecb0e98fc2696e8b039a5
Deleted: sha256:2b83e5699838047f936a3875bcce7fe1b169983bf86785ae7519c5bc488558ae
[root@docker ~]# docker rmi ba6acccedd29
Untagged: ubuntu:latest
Untagged: ubuntu@sha256:626ffe58f6e7566e00254b638eb7e0f3b11d4da9675088f4781a50ae288f3322
Deleted: sha256:ba6acccedd2923aee4c2acc6a23780b14ed4b8a5fa4e14e252a23b846df9b6c1
Deleted: sha256:9f54eef412758095c8079ac465d494a2872e02e90bf1fb5f12a1641c0d1bb78b
[root@docker ~]#
操作参数
列出当前所有正在运行的容器
docker ps [操作参数]
运行示例
[root@docker ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
f919fcfcb7b0 hello-world "/hello" 5 hours ago Exited (0) 5 hours ago fervent_benz
a4016a83fc04 hello-world "/hello" 9 hours ago Exited (0) 9 hours ago hopeful_bardeen
f30bd054e899 9c7a54a9a43c "/hello" 26 hours ago Exited (0) 26 hours ago mystifying_shockley
操作参数
退出容器
run进去容器，exit退出，容器停止
exit
run进去容器，ctrl+p+q退出，容器不停止
按键 Ctrl+p+q
启动已经停止的的容器
docker start [容器ID/容器名称]
启动已经停止的的容器
docker start [容器ID/容器名称]
重启容器
docker restart [容器ID/容器名称]
停止容器
docker stop [容器ID/容器名称]
强制停止容器
docker kill [容器ID/容器名称]
删掉已停止的容器
docker rm [容器ID/容器名称]
一次性删除多个容器实例
docker rm -f $(docker ps -qa)
docker ps -qs | xargs docker rm
docker container prune
操作参数
- docker rm 参数
- docker container prune 参数
检查容器文件结构修改
docker diff [容器名]
docker container diff [容器名]
运行示例
docker diff web
杀掉运行中的容器
docker kill [操作参数] [容器名] [CONTAINER...]
运行示例
docker diff web
参数说明
暂停/恢复容器中所有进程
运行示例
- 暂停
docker pause [容器名/容器ID]
docker container pause [容器名/容器ID]
- 恢复
docker unpause [容器名/容器ID]
docker container unpause [容器名/容器ID]
容器重命名
运行示例
docker rename [容器名/容器ID] [新的容器名]
docker container rename [容器名/容器ID] [新的容器名]
三.其他常用
启动守护式容器(后台服务器)
- 在大部分的场景下，我们希望 docker 的服务是在后台运行的，
我们可以过 -d 指定容器的后台运行模式。
docker run -d [容器名]
查看容器日志
docker logs [操作参数] [容器ID]
运行示例
docker exec -it web /bin/bash
操作参数
查看容器内运行的进程
docker top [容器ID]
查看容器内部细节
docker inspect [容器ID]
docker container inspect [容器ID]
操作参数
docker inspect web
docker inspect --format='{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' web
docker inspect -f {{.Mounts}} web
重新进入容器(进入正在运行的容器并以命令行交互)
- exec 是在容器中打开新的终端，并且可以启动新的进程
用exit退出，不会导致容器的停止。
docker exec [操作参数] [容器ID] [bashShell]
docker exec [操作参数] [容器名称] [bashShell]
运行示例
docker exec -it web /bin/bash
操作参数
- attach 直接进入容器启动命令的终端，不会启动新的进程
用exit退出，会导致容器的停止。
docker attach -it 容器ID bashShell
docker attach --sig-proxy=false mytest
docker attach --no-stdin mytest
从容器内拷贝文件到主机
docker copy [操作参数] [容器ID]:[拷贝文件路径] [目的文件路径]
操作参数
导出容器
docker export [操作参数] [容器ID] > [自定义文件名].tar
运行示例
docker export CONTAINER ID > NAME.tar
docker export -o NAME.tar CONTAINER ID
操作参数
导入容器
cat [自定义文件名].tar | docker import [容器名称]:[容器标签]