Appium 并行测试多个设备

一、前置说明

在自动化测试中，经常需要验证多台设备的兼容性，Appium可以用同一套测试运例并行测试多个设备，以达到验证兼容性的目的。
解决思路：

二、核心代码

# test_multi_devices.py

import pytest

from driver.appium.manager import port_manager


@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def devicename(request):
    return request.config.getoption("--devicename")


@pytest.fixture
def driver(devicename):
    from driver.appium.driver import WebDriver
    
    server_port = port_manager.get_server_port(devicename)
    trans_port = port_manager.get_trans_port(devicename)

    # appium 多设备并行注意事项：
    # 1. server_port: 必须传值，它是 appium server 的监听端口号，在启动多个 appium server的情况下，用于指定当前driver与哪个 server 进行通信；
    # 2. uuid: 必须传值，它是每个设备的唯一标识，用于appium server区分与哪台设备在通信，确保测试执行不会混淆；
    # 3. systemPort: 必须传值，是UiAutomator2 Server的6790端口绑定至本地的端口号，该端口用于在本地监听并接收从 UiAutomator2 Server 发出的请求；

    appium_server_url = f'http://localhost:{server_port}'
    capabilities = {
        "platformName": "Android",
        "automationName": "uiautomator2",
        "deviceName": devicename,
        "udid": devicename,
        "app": "D:\\resources\\ApiDemos-debug.apk",
        "systemPort": trans_port
    }

    driver = WebDriver(command_executor=appium_server_url, capabilities=capabilities)

    yield driver

    driver.quit()


def test_runner(driver):
    driver.smart_find_element(by='text', value='App').click()
    driver.smart_find_element(by='text', value='Notification').click()
    driver.smart_find_element(by='text', value='NotifyWithText').click()
    driver.smart_find_element(by='text', value='SHOW SHORT NOTIFICATION').click()

    element = driver.get_toast('Short notification')
    assert element.text == 'Short notification'

# main.py

import threading
import pytest
from driver.appium.manager import MobileDevicesManager, AppiumServersManager, device_manager

from driver.appium.manager import port_manager

PY_RUNNER = 'tests/test_multi_devices.py'


def start_server_and_run_pytest(devicename):
    """
    启动Appium Server，并且执行pytest
    """
    port = port_manager.get_server_port(devicename)

    # 为每台设备启动一个appium server
    server_manager = AppiumServersManager(port)
    server_manager.start_server()

    # 执行pytest
    pytest.main([PY_RUNNER, '-s', '-v', '--devicename', devicename])


def run_multi_devices():
    """
    多设备并行测试
    """
    devices = device_manager.get_connected_devices()

    threads = []
    for devicename in devices:
        thread = threading.Thread(target=start_server_and_run_pytest, args=(devicename,))
        threads.append(thread)

        # 启动线程
        thread.start()

    # 等待所有线程完成
    for thread in threads:
        thread.join()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    import logging.config

    logging.config.fileConfig('conf/logging.conf')

    # 执行并发测试
    run_multi_devices()

三、Demo验证

当前有3台设备连接，执行代码，会启动3个appium server:

3台设备会同时执行测试（有1台为手机，不方便截图）：

四、appium 多设备并行注意事项

    # 1. server_port: 必须传值，它是 appium server 的监听端口号，在启动多个 appium server的情况下，用于指定当前driver与哪个 server 进行通信；
    # 2. uuid: 必须传值，它是每个设备的唯一标识，用于appium server区分与哪台设备在通信，确保测试执行不会混淆；
    # 3. systemPort: 必须传值，是UiAutomator2 Server的6790端口绑定至本地的端口号，该端口用于在本地监听并接收从 UiAutomator2 Server 发出的请求；

	appium_server_url = f'http://localhost:{server_port}'
    capabilities = {
        "platformName": "Android",
        "automationName": "uiautomator2",
        "deviceName": devicename,
        "udid": devicename,
        "app": "D:\\resources\\ApiDemos-debug.apk",
        "systemPort": trans_port
    }
    driver = WebDriver(command_executor=appium_server_url, capabilities=capabilities)

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