Solr JAVA客户端SolrJ的使用

一、Solrj简介

SolrJ是操作Solr的JAVA客户端，它提供了增加、修改、删除、查询Solr索引的JAVA接口。SolrJ针对 Solr提供了Rest 的HTTP接口进行了封装， SolrJ底层是通过使用httpClient中的方法来完成Solr的操作。

二、示例演示

1、创建一个Maven工程，引入依赖如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.kang.solrj</groupId>

    <artifactId>kang-solrj</artifactId>

    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.apache.solr</groupId>

            <artifactId>solr-solrj</artifactId>

            <version>4.10.1</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>junit</groupId>

            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

            <version>4.11</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>

            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>

            <version>1.7.7</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>

            <version>1.1.3</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>

            <version>3.3.2</version>

        </dependency>

        <!-- Jackson Json处理工具包 -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>

            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>

            <version>2.4.2</version>

        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

2、定义一个pojo用于测试

package com.kang.solrj.pojo;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.beans.Field;

public class Foo {

    @Field("id")

    private String id;

    @Field("title")

    private String title;

    public String getId() {

        return id;

    }

    public void setId(String id) {

        this.id = id;

    }

    public String getTitle() {

        return title;

    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {

        this.title = title;

    }

    @Override

    public String toString() {

        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();

        builder.append("Foo [id=");

        builder.append(id);

        builder.append(", title=");

        builder.append(title);

        builder.append("]");

        return builder.toString();

    }

}

@Field的作用 
作用1：指定Bean的一个字段为Field

@Field

private String url;

schema.xml配置必需有url这个field，不然会报错。

<field name="url" type="string" indexed="true" stored="true" multiValued="false" default=""/>

当bean的字段为url，而实际schema.xml中的字段为s_url,其使用方法为：

@Field("s_url")

private String url;

schema.xml配置必需有url这个field，不然会报错。

<field name="s_url" type="string" indexed="true" stored="true" multiValued="false" default=""/>

3、针对该pojo的编写Solr增删改查操作

package com.kang.solrj.service;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrQuery;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.HttpSolrServer;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.response.QueryResponse;

import com.kang.solrj.pojo.Foo;

public class SolrjService {

    // 定义http的solr服务

    private HttpSolrServer httpSolrServer;

    public SolrjService(HttpSolrServer httpSolrServer) {

        this.httpSolrServer = httpSolrServer;

    }

    public void add(Foo foo) throws Exception {

        this.httpSolrServer.addBean(foo); //添加数据到solr服务器

        this.httpSolrServer.commit(); //提交

    }

    public void delete(List<String> ids) throws Exception {

        this.httpSolrServer.deleteById(ids);

        this.httpSolrServer.commit(); //提交

    }

    public List<Foo> search(String keywords, Integer page, Integer rows) throws Exception {

        SolrQuery solrQuery = new SolrQuery(); //构造搜索条件

        solrQuery.setQuery("title:" + keywords); //搜索关键词

        // 设置分页 start=0就是从0开始，，rows=5当前返回5条记录，第二页就是变化start这个值为5就可以了。

        solrQuery.setStart((Math.max(page, 1) - 1) * rows);

        solrQuery.setRows(rows);

        //是否需要高亮

        boolean isHighlighting = !StringUtils.equals("*", keywords) && StringUtils.isNotEmpty(keywords);

        if (isHighlighting) {

            // 设置高亮

            solrQuery.setHighlight(true); // 开启高亮组件

            solrQuery.addHighlightField("title");// 高亮字段

            solrQuery.setHighlightSimplePre("<em>");// 标记，高亮关键字前缀

            solrQuery.setHighlightSimplePost("</em>");// 后缀

        }

        // 执行查询

        QueryResponse queryResponse = this.httpSolrServer.query(solrQuery);

        List<Foo> foos = queryResponse.getBeans(Foo.class);

        if (isHighlighting) {

            // 将高亮的标题数据写回到数据对象中

            Map<String, Map<String, List<String>>> map = queryResponse.getHighlighting();

            for (Map.Entry<String, Map<String, List<String>>> highlighting : map.entrySet()) {

                for (Foo foo : foos) {

                    if (!highlighting.getKey().equals(foo.getId().toString())) {

                        continue;

                    }

                    foo.setTitle(StringUtils.join(highlighting.getValue().get("title"), ""));

                    break;

                }

            }

        }

        return foos;

    }

}

4、编写单元测试用例

4、编写单元测试用例

package com.kang.solrj.service;

import java.util.Arrays;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.HttpSolrServer;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.XMLResponseParser;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.kang.solrj.pojo.Foo;

public class SolrjServiceTest {

    private SolrjService solrjService;

    private HttpSolrServer httpSolrServer;

    @Before

    public void setUp() throws Exception {

        // 在url中指定core名称：enjoyshop

        String url = "http://solr.enjoyshop.com/enjoyshop";

        HttpSolrServer httpSolrServer = new HttpSolrServer(url); //定义solr的server

        httpSolrServer.setParser(new XMLResponseParser()); // 设置响应解析器

        httpSolrServer.setMaxRetries(1); // 设置重试次数，推荐设置为1

        httpSolrServer.setConnectionTimeout(500); // 建立连接的最长时间

        this.httpSolrServer = httpSolrServer;

        solrjService = new SolrjService(httpSolrServer);

    }

    @Test

    public void testAdd() throws Exception {

        Foo foo = new Foo();

        foo.setId(System.currentTimeMillis() + "");

        foo.setTitle("轻量级Java EE企业应用实战（第3版）：Struts2＋Spring3＋Hibernate整合开发（附CD光盘）");

        this.solrjService.add(foo);

    }

    @Test

    public void testDelete() throws Exception {

        this.solrjService.delete(Arrays.asList("1416537175446"));

    }

    @Test

    public void testSearch() throws Exception {

        List<Foo> foos = this.solrjService.search("linux", 1, 10);

        for (Foo foo : foos) {

            System.out.println(foo);

        }

    }

    @Test

    public void testDeleteByQuery() throws Exception{

        httpSolrServer.deleteByQuery("*:*");

        httpSolrServer.commit();

    }

}

三、使用Solrj完成数据的批量导入

系统接口的URL为：

http://manage.enjoyshop.com/rest/item?page={page}&rows=100

其中的page为当前页数。 
返回的数据格式如下：

{"total":3093,"rows":[{"created":1495638218000,"updated":1495638218000,"id":1474391933,"title":"魅族","sellPoint":"按时到岗","price":2222200,"num":2222,"barcode":"222222","image":"http://image.enjoyshop.com/images/2017/05/24/2017052411030281105445.jpg","cid":560,"status":1},{"created":1495611140000,"updated":1495630686000,"id":1474391932,"title":"sadsadghhs","sellPoint":"testtetstts","price":22220,"num":333,"barcode":"34444","image":"http://image.enjoyshop.com/images/2017/05/24/2017052403321398508674.jpg","cid":3,"status":1},{"created":1495549388000,"updated":1495549388000,"id":1474391931,"title":"ssdas","sellPoint":"asdasd","price":22200,"num":222,"barcode":"222","image":"","cid":12,"status":1},{"created":1493037017000,"updated":1493037017000,"id":1474391929,"title":"test","sellPoint":"good","price":22200,"num":333,"barcode":"4444","image":"http://image.enjoyshop.com/images/2017/04/24/2017042408295162105014.jpg","cid":76,"status":1},{"created":1492591744000,"updated":1492591829000,"id":1474391928,"title":"java编程思想哈哈哈哈","sellPoint":"好好好","price":22200,"num":333,"barcode":"66666","image":"http://image.enjoyshop.com/images/2017/04/19/2017041904480598606613.jpg","cid":3,"status":1}]}

批量导入代码：

package com.kang.solrj.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.HttpSolrServer;

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.XMLResponseParser;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

import com.kang.solrj.pojo.Item;

public class ItemDataImportTest {

    private HttpSolrServer httpSolrServer;

    private static final ObjectMapper MAPPER = new ObjectMapper();

    @Before

    public void setUp() throws Exception {

        // 在url中指定core名称：enjoyshop

        // http://solr.enjoyshop.com/#/enjoyshop -- 界面操作

        String url = "http://solr.enjoyshop.com/enjoyshop"; // 服务地址

        HttpSolrServer httpSolrServer = new HttpSolrServer(url); // 定义solr的server

        httpSolrServer.setParser(new XMLResponseParser()); // 设置响应解析器

        httpSolrServer.setMaxRetries(1); // 设置重试次数，推荐设置为1

        httpSolrServer.setConnectionTimeout(500); // 建立连接的最长时间

        this.httpSolrServer = httpSolrServer;

    }

    @Test

    public void testData() throws Exception {

        // 通过后台系统的接口查询商品数据

        String url = "http://manage.enjoyshop.com/rest/item?page={page}&rows=100";

        int page = 1;

        int pageSzie = 0;

        do {

            String u = StringUtils.replace(url, "{page}", "" + page);

            System.out.println(u);

            String jsonData = doGet(u);

            JsonNode jsonNode = MAPPER.readTree(jsonData);

            String rowsStr = jsonNode.get("rows").toString();

            List<Item> items = MAPPER.readValue(rowsStr,

                    MAPPER.getTypeFactory().constructCollectionType(List.class, Item.class));

            pageSzie = items.size();

            this.httpSolrServer.addBeans(items);

            this.httpSolrServer.commit();

            page++;

        } while (pageSzie == 100);

    }

    private String doGet(String url) throws Exception {

        // 创建Httpclient对象

        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        // 创建http GET请求

        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);

        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        try {

            // 执行请求

            response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);

            // 判断返回状态是否为200

            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {

                return EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");

            }

        } finally {

            if (response != null) {

                response.close();

            }

            httpclient.close();

        }

        return null;

    }

}

四、Spring整合Solrj

首先建立一个外部属性文件用来定义Solr的相关参数

solr.url=http://solr.enjoyshop.com/enjoyshop

solr.maxRetries=1

solr.connectionTimeout=500

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然后配置Spring的XML文件

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">

    <bean class="org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.HttpSolrServer">

        <constructor-arg index="0" value="${solr.url}"/>

        <!-- 设置响应解析器 -->

        <property name="parser">

            <bean class="org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.XMLResponseParser"/>

        </property>

        <!-- 重试次数 -->

        <property name="maxRetries" value="${solr.maxRetries}"/>

        <property name="connectionTimeout" value="${solr.connectionTimeout}"/>

    </bean>

</beans>

这里只是简单的示例，具体可参考相关源码进行配置。

五、源码Demo点我