问题描述
Excel具有称为数据栏"的功能，该功能允许根据具有相应长度的单元格值进行条件格式化.使用格式化程序和color_bar在R中的"formattable"可以完成此功能.但是，这样做的结果是一个html小部件，无法在pdf中显示.
Excel has this function called "data bar" that allow conditional formatting based on the cell value with respective length. This function can be done with "formattable" in R using the formatter and color_bar. however, the result of this is a html widget which cannot be shown in pdf.
以下是我尝试过的一些选择:
Here's some options I have tried:
-
webshot:拍摄小部件的屏幕截图，然后我可以将其作为图像导入pdf.格式表不是很有效，也不是最好的选择，因为它不允许使用嵌套表
webshot: takes a screenshot of the widget and then I can import into pdf as an image. Not very efficient also formattable is not the best option as it doesn't allow for nested tables
xtable/pander-不允许我添加条件格式
xtable/pander - doesn't allow me to add conditional formatting
kable + kableExtra:
kable + kableExtra:
我最成功的那个.通过这段代码(如何使用xtable进行单元着色)，我可以有条件的格式设置，但这不是颜色栏选项，也不允许我更改列的宽度或进行任何更改，因为它变成了pdf文档中的html和Latex之间的混合体.
this one I had the most success with. From this code (how can xtable do cell coloring), I could do a conditional formatting but it's not the color bar option and also doesn't allow me to change the width of the column or make any changes as it becomes a hybrid between html and latex in a pdf doc.
但是，我真正想做的是: https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/81994/partially-coloring-带有直方图的单元格背景
HOWEVER, What I really want to do is this:https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/81994/partially-coloring-cell-background-with-histograms
基本上，我希望能够有一个pdf doc，它将显示一个表，该表将允许嵌套表功能+数据栏(基于单元格值)，并且该表可以针对列宽进行调整，或者该表可以缩小以适合一页.
Essentially I want to be able to have a pdf doc that will show a table that will allow nested table functionality + data bar where it's based on the cell value, and the table can be adjusted for column width or the table can be shrink to fit on one page.
根据其他代码的答案，这就是我现在所拥有的:我想知道如何将乳胶代码插入lapply函数中，使其看起来像第二个链接中的答案〜
This is what I have right now based on the answers from other code:I want to know how to insert latex code into the lapply function so that it would look like the answer in the second link~
library(knitr)
library(tidyr)
library(kableExtra)
#options(knitr.table.format="latex")
data(mtcars)
tab =mtcars
tab$mpg<-tab$mpg/100
f <- function(x) cut(x, c(0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0), labels=c( "white","green!10", "green!20", "green!30", "green!40", "green!50", "green!60", "green!70","green!80","green!90"),
include.lowest = FALSE, right = TRUE)
tab["mpg"] <- lapply(tab["mpg"], function(x)
paste0("\\cellcolor{", f(x), "}", x))
kable(tab)
推荐答案
感谢您发布如此详尽的问题.get_databar函数用于将列之一替换为新值，例如
Thank you for posting such a nice and detailed question.The get_databar function is used to replace one of your columns with new values, for instance
> get_databar(1:5)
[1] "\\databar[white]{1}" "\\databar[green!30]{2}" "\\databar[green!50]{3}"
[4] "\\databar[green!70]{4}" "\\databar[green!90]{5}"
仅在您发表评论之后，我就修改了数据栏 https://tex .stackexchange.com/questions/81994/partially-coloring-cell-background-with-histograms ，因为它很棒，而且超出了我的乳胶编码能力.
Simply following your comments, I have adapted the databar https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/81994/partially-coloring-cell-background-with-histograms, as it is just great, and a bit beyond my latex coding ability.
我制作了两个使用databar函数的示例
I have produced two examples of the use of the databar function
独立的编织/编织脚本在这里
The standalone sweave / knitr script is here
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[table,dvipsnames]{xcolor}% http://ctan.org/pkg/xcolor
\usepackage[nomessages]{fp}% http://ctan.org/pkg/
\begin{document}
<<load_libraries, echo = FALSE, eval = TRUE, results ="hide">>=
library(knitr)
library(xtable)
@
<<get_databar, echo = FALSE, eval = TRUE, results ="hide">>=
#' @title get_databar creates labels for xtable
#' @description colors labels and assigns max_value to .GlobalEnv
#' @param values the vector of values to cut
#' @param color one color that is interpretable by the xcolor dvips
#' one of 68 standard colors known to dvips \link{https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Colors}, Default: 'green'
#' @param min_value min value in the vector, Default: NULL
#' @param max_value max value in the vector, Default: NULL
#' @param column_width the with of the colum to produce
#' @param transparent, do you want transparent labels for low values, Default: TRUE
#' @return A vector to replace orignial column
get_databar <- function(values,
color = "green",
min_value=NULL,
max_value=NULL,
column_width=10,
transparent=TRUE)
{
if (!is.numeric(values)) stop("values should be a numeric")
if (is.null(min_value)) min_value <- min(values,na.rm=TRUE)-diff(range(values, na.rm=TRUE))/10
if (is.null(max_value)) max_value <- max(values,na.rm=TRUE)
# assign max_value in .GlobalEnv
maxnum <<- max_value
# sequence of breaks
mybreaks <- seq(min_value, max_value, length.out=10)
if (transparent){
cols <- c(paste0(color,"!",seq(10, 90, by=10)))
color_cut_factor <- cut(x=values,
breaks = mybreaks,
labels = cols,
include.lowest = FALSE,
right = TRUE)
color_cut <- as.character(color_cut_factor)
} else {
color_cut=rep(color, length(values))
}
edited_values <- paste0("\\databar[", color_cut,"]{", values,"}")
return(as.character(edited_values))
}
@
<<test, echo = FALSE, eval = TRUE, results ="hide">>=
data(mtcars)
tab = mtcars
tab0<-tab[1:10,1:3]
tab2<-tab[1:10,1:3]
tab0[,1]<-get_databar(tab0[,1])
tab2[,1]<-get_databar(tab2[,1],
color="BlueViolet",
min_value=0,
max_value=max(tab2[,1]),
transparent = FALSE)
print(xtable(tab0,
align = c("l","l","l","l"),
caption = "standard example"),
sanitize.text.function = identity,
file="table0_with_bar_colors.tex")
print(xtable(tab2,
align = c("l","l","l","l"),
caption = "example with dvips color BlueViolet and transparent = FALSE"),
sanitize.text.function = identity,
file="table2_with_bar_colors.tex")
@
%--------------------------------
% This is the new commands blocks
% The first \maxnum will read from R to get the maximum number in the table
% The second creates the databar command, with two parameters, the first default
% parameter is the color, set to green!25
%--------------------------------------
\newcommand{\maxnum}
{%
\Sexpr{maxnum}
}
\newlength{\maxlen}
% databar[color]{value}
\newcommand{\databar}[2][green!25]
{%
\settowidth{\maxlen}{\maxnum}%
\addtolength{\maxlen}{\tabcolsep}%
\FPeval\result{round(#2/\maxnum:4)}%
\rlap{\color{#1}\hspace*{-.5\tabcolsep}\rule[-.05\ht\strutbox]{\result\maxlen}{.95\ht\strutbox}}%
\makebox[\dimexpr\maxlen-\tabcolsep][r]{#2}%
}
%--------------------------------------
\input{table0_with_bar_colors.tex}
\input{table2_with_bar_colors.tex}
\end{document}
如果需要放置两个表，则需要在下一个块之后和表的\input之前添加以下命令(\renewcommand而不是\newcommand)
Should you need to put two tables, then I would be necessary to add, after the next chunk and before the \input for the table the following command (\renewcommand instead of \newcommand)
\renewcommand{\maxnum}
{%
\Sexpr{maxnum}
}
这篇关于R Markdown pdf部分颜色单元格背景(数据栏)的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持！