重新排列矩阵元素以反映朴素python中的列和行聚类

问题描述

我正在寻找一种对矩阵行而不是对其列进行聚类的方法，对矩阵中的数据重新排序以反映聚类并将它们放在一起。群集问题很容易解决，树状图创建也很容易解决（例如，在

I'm looking for a way to perform clustering separately on matrix rows and than on its columns, reorder the data in the matrix to reflect the clustering and putting it all together. The clustering problem is easily solvable, so is the dendrogram creation (for example in this blog or in "Programming collective intelligence"). However, how to reorder the data remains unclear for me.

Eventually, I'm looking for a way of creating graphs similar to the one below using naive Python (with any "standard" library such as numpy, matplotlib etc, but without using R or other external tools).

Clarifications

I was asked what I meant by reordering. When you cluster data in a matrix first by matrix rows, then by its columns, each matrix cell can be identified by the position in the two dendrograms. If you reorder the rows and the columns of the original matrix such that the elements that are close each to another in the dendrograms become close each to another in the matrix, and then generate heatmap, the clustering of the data may become evident to the viewer (as in the figure above)

解决方案

See my recent answer, copied in part below, to this related question.

import scipy
import pylab
import scipy.cluster.hierarchy as sch

# Generate features and distance matrix.
x = scipy.rand(40)
D = scipy.zeros([40,40])
for i in range(40):
    for j in range(40):
        D[i,j] = abs(x[i] - x[j])

# Compute and plot dendrogram.
fig = pylab.figure()
axdendro = fig.add_axes([0.09,0.1,0.2,0.8])
Y = sch.linkage(D, method='centroid')
Z = sch.dendrogram(Y, orientation='right')
axdendro.set_xticks([])
axdendro.set_yticks([])

# Plot distance matrix.
axmatrix = fig.add_axes([0.3,0.1,0.6,0.8])
index = Z['leaves']
D = D[index,:]
D = D[:,index]
im = axmatrix.matshow(D, aspect='auto', origin='lower')
axmatrix.set_xticks([])
axmatrix.set_yticks([])

# Plot colorbar.
axcolor = fig.add_axes([0.91,0.1,0.02,0.8])
pylab.colorbar(im, cax=axcolor)

# Display and save figure.
fig.show()
fig.savefig('dendrogram.png')

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