问题描述
几个月前我已经开始使用C ++了。语言本身很好，
但是我真的不喜欢的是我从
g ++获得的错误消息。
g ++错误消息通常没有帮助。
有时我只是拿错误的行号并尝试自己想出什么可能是什么？是错的。或者我只记得这个错误信息
并且已经知道：如果g ++说错误X它真的意味着错误Y.
例如，请使用以下代码：
#include< iostream>
class接口{
public：
virtual std： ：string& getText（）const = 0;
};
class实现：public Interface {
std :: string text;
public：
Implementation :: Implementation（std :: string text）：text（text）{}
std :: string& getText （）const {
返回文字;
}
};
bash-2.05b $ g ++ -c test.cpp
test.cpp：在成员函数`virtual std :: string&
Implementation :: getText（）
const''：
test.cpp：13：无法将`this-> Implementation :: text''转换为
`std :: string&''
getText（）的返回类型不能是std :: string，而是const
std :: string。但为什么g ++只是这么说呢？它可以说：可以
不返回对此的引用 - > ...来自const方法...
对于初学者，它还有一个令人生畏的错误消息是
从STL使用中填充几个屏幕
std :: vector< std :: string>测试;
std :: cout<<测试;
整个候选人都......无论如何，有26个条目的列表
不可读...应该有一个更好，更易读的方式来表示
错误。
Markus
I have started with C++ a few months ago. The language itself is nice,
but what I really don''t like are the error messages that I get from
g++.
g++ error messages are often just not helpful.
Sometimes I just take the line number of the error and try to figure
out myself what might be wrong. Or I just remember this error message
and know already: if g++ says error X it really means error Y.
For example, take the following code:
#include <iostream>
class Interface{
public:
virtual std::string &getText() const = 0;
};
class Implementation : public Interface{
std::string text;
public:
Implementation::Implementation(std::string text):text(text){}
std::string &getText() const{
return text;
}
};
bash-2.05b$ g++ -c test.cpp
test.cpp: In member function `virtual std::string&
Implementation::getText()
const'':
test.cpp:13: could not convert `this->Implementation::text'' to
`std::string&''
The return type of getText() must not be std::string, but const
std::string. But why doesn''t g++ just say that? It could say: "Could
not return reference to this->... from a const method"...
For beginners, it''s also intimidating to get an error message that
fills several screens from the STL usage
std::vector<std::string> test;
std::cout << test;
The whole "candidates are..." list with 26 entries is anyway
unreadable... There should be a better, more readable way to indicate
an error.
Markus
推荐答案
g ++（GCC）3.3.3 20040412（红色Hat Linux 3.3.3-7）
尝试gnu.g ++。帮助新闻组。
另外，尝试比较GNU C ++诊断消息
带有其他编译器生成的诊断消息。
我认为你会发现它们比较有利。
编译器诊断不要期望太多。
编译器无法知道你打算写什么*
它没有拿起理解来自评论
或您选择的类型和变量名称。
诊断几乎受限于规则
的C ++计算机编程语言
，不幸的是，并不总是帮助你理解
你做错了什么。
g++ (GCC) 3.3.3 20040412 (Red Hat Linux 3.3.3-7)
Try the gnu.g++.help newsgroup.
Also, try comparing the GNU C++ diagnostic messages
with the diagnostic messages produced by other compilers.
I think that you will find that they compare favorably.
Don''t expect too much from compiler diagnostics.
The compiler can''t know what you *intended* to write.
It doesn''t pick up "understanding" from comments
or your choice to type and variable names.
Diagnostics are pretty much constrained to the rules
of the C++ computer programming language
which, unfortunately, don''t always help you understand
what you did wrong.
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