问题描述
en_GB和en-GB吗?ISO 639-1(语言)和ISO 3166(国家/地区)组合是否有ISO名称?en_GB and en-GB ?ISO 639-1 (language) and ISO 3166 (country) combination ?推荐答案
有多种语言环境标识符系统.乍一看，其中许多是相似的，但是当您深入时，它们却并非如此:
There are several systems for locale identifiers. Many of them are similar at the first glance, but not when you go deeper:
一些示例(带有拉丁文字的塞尔维亚－塞尔维亚，带有基本排序的日语－日本):
Some examples (Serbian-Serbia with Latin Script, Japanese-Japan with radical sorting):
- UTS-35，ICU，Mac OS X，Flash:sr-Latn-RS，ja-JP @ collation = radical
- 较新的UTS-35，BCP 47扩展U:sr-Latn-RS，ja-JP-u-co-unihan
- Win 2000，XP:0x81a，0x10411
- Vista，Win 7:sr-Latn-CS，ja-JP_radical
- Java:sr_CS，ja_JP
- Java 7:sr_RS，ja_JP
- Linux:sr_RS @ latin，ja_JP.utf8
想到它就像谈论颜色(RGB，CMYB，HSV，Pantone等)的不同方式
Think of it like different ways to talk about colors (RGB, CMYB, HSV, Pantone, etc.)
因此，除非您指定所使用的环境，否则-与_毫无意义.使用-，Java将无法理解，使用_，Windows将无法理解.ICU(及其上构建的系统)同时接受-和_，但会产生_样式.
So - vs. _ does not make sense unless you specify what the is the environment you are using. Use - and Java will not understand it, use _ and Windows will not understand it.ICU (and systems build on top of it) accept both - and _, but produce the _ style.
没有涵盖语言国家组合的ISO.但是有些ISO涵盖了各个部分(语言，国家/地区，脚本).ISO的确切版本还取决于语言环境标识符所使用的系统.
There is no ISO that covers the combination of language-country. But there are ISOs that cover the various parts (language, country, script).The exact version of the ISO also depends on the system used for locale identifiers.
通常，您应该同时接受_和-，并且只生成一个(在接受的内容上是自由的，而在发出的内容上则是严格的")(如ICU).
In general you should accept both _ and -, and generate only one ("be liberal in what you accept and strict in what you emit") (like ICU).
如果使用其他类型的语言环境标识符与系统通信，则必须与系统进行映射.这将迫使您使用_或-.某些映射将是有损的(在Windows，Linux中无法指定备用日历；在Java早于7时无法指定备用排序或脚本，等等)，并且可能无法进行往返(与RGB-转换类似) CMYK).
If you communicate with systems using another type of locale identifier, you will have to map to/from your system. That will force you to use _ or -.Some of the mappings will be lossy (there is no way to specify alternate calendars in Windows, Linux; or alternate sorting or scripts in Java older than 7, etc.) and round-tripping might not be possible (somewhat similar to conversions RGB-CMYK).
添加:事情不仅在系统之间是不同的，而且可以随时间变化.例如，Java 7增加了对sr_RS和脚本的支持，Windows继续增加了对更多语言环境的支持，创建了新国家(苏丹分裂，俄罗斯，塞尔维亚)或消失了(东德，苏联，南斯拉夫)等等.
Addition: things are different not only between systems, but they can change in time. For instance Java 7 added support for sr_RS and for scripts, Windows keeps adding support for more locales, new countries get created (Sudan split, Russia, Serbia) or disappear (East Germany, U.S.S.R, Yugoslavia) and so on.
对于内部表示，您可能希望选择功能最强大的一种，它可以表示所有内容，即UTS-35/BCP 47(也由CLDR和ICU使用).
For internal representation you might want to choose the most powerful one, that can represent everything, and that is UTS-35 / BCP 47 (also used by CLDR and ICU).
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