问题描述
我很难理解 git-fetch 的细微差别.我知道执行 fetch 会将远程引用提取到本地跟踪分支中.
I am having a hard time understanding the nuances of git-fetch. I understand that doing a fetch, fetches the remote refs into a local tracking branch.
我有几个问题:
有没有可能不存在本地跟踪分支?如果是这样，它会自动创建吗?
Can it be possible that a local tracking branch does not exist? If so, will it then be created automatically?
如果我执行 fetch 并指定一个非跟踪分支作为目的地会发生什么?
What will happen if I do a fetch and specify a non tracking branch as the destination?
git-fetch 的手册页指定:
The man page for git-fetch specifies:
git-fetch <options> <repository> <refspec>
我将如何使用 refspec 将内容从我的远程主服务器获取到其远程跟踪分支?我相信如果我当前的 HEAD 在 master 上并且我运行，这可能是可能的
How would I use the refspec to fetch contents from my remote master into its remote tracking branch? I believe this may be possible if my current HEAD is on master and I run
git fetch origin master
但是，我可以使用 <+?src:dest> refspec 来实现相同的功能吗?我认为这将有助于我更好地理解这些概念.
However, can I use the <+?src:dest> refspec to achieve the same thing? I think this will help me understand the concepts better.
还有一个问题:
我的 .git/config 文件有以下用于获取的行(仅显示相关行):
My .git/config file has the following line for fetching (showing only relevant lines):
fetch = +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
谁能解释一下这行的确切含义?
Can someone please explain what this line exactly means?
推荐答案
首先，没有本地跟踪分支的概念，只有远程跟踪分支.所以 origin/master 是 origin 存储库中 master 的远程跟踪分支.
First, there's no such concept of local tracking branches, only remote tracking branches. So origin/master is a remote tracking branch for master in the origin repo.
通常您会执行 git fetch $remote 更新所有远程跟踪分支，并在需要时创建新分支.
Typically you do git fetch $remote which updates all your remote tracking branches, and creates new ones if needed.
然而，您也可以指定一个 refspec，但这不会触及您的远程跟踪分支，相反，它将获取您指定的分支并将其保存在 FETCH_HEAD 上，除非您指定目的地.一般来说，你不想惹这个.
However, you can also specify a refspec, but that will not touch your remote tracking branches, instead, it will fetch the branch you specified and save it on FETCH_HEAD, unless you specify a destination. In general you don't want to mess with this.
最后，
fetch = +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
这意味着如果你这样做
git fetch origin
它实际上会:
git fetch origin +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
这意味着远程 heads/foobar 将是本地 remotes/origin/foobar，加号意味着即使它们不快也会更新-前进.
Which means a remote heads/foobar will be local remotes/origin/foobar, and the plus sign means they'll be updated even if they are not fast-forward.
也许您认为的跟踪分支与 git pull 和合并配置有关.
Perhaps what you think as a tracking branch is something related to git pull and the merge config.
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