需求描述

动态URL的需求场景:
有一个异步服务S,它为其他业务(业务A,业务B...)提供异步服务接口,在这些异步接口中执行完指定逻辑之后需要回调相应业务方的接口。
Feign实现动态URL-LMLPHP

这在诸如风控审核,支付回调等场景中挺常见的。

那么,这个回调业务方接口该怎么实现呢?
首先,需要约定好回调这些业务方接口时的请求方法(通常为POST请求),请求参数格式(通常为JSON格式,方便扩展)和响应消息格式(通常为JSON格式)。

具体调用业务方接口时有2种办法来实现:
1.在服务S的每一个异步接口中都独立写一套回调的逻辑
2.因为回调的方法类型和参数格式是约定好的,所以可以写一个统一的公共回调方法即可

方法1显然不是最优选择,这样做会带来大量重复的代码逻辑,而且非常不利用后期维护和升级。
方法2的实现更加灵活一些,便于扩展。

如下将阐述如何使用Feign框架定义一个公共的回调方法。

具体实现

在Feign中能实现动态URL的基础是框架本身就支持,只需要在接口方法中包含一个java.net.URI参数,Feign就会将该参数值作为目标主机地址,详见Interface Annotations一节中的“Overriding the Request Line”部分。
如下将分别阐述独立使用Feign和使用Spring Cloud OpenFeign实现定义统一的回调方法。

使用Feign定义统一回调方法

定义统一回调方法:

public interface CallbackAPI {
    /**
     * 统一回调接口方法,请求消息体格式为JSON,响应消息体格式也为JSON
     * @param host 接口主机地址,如:http://localhost:8080,该参数是实现动态URL的关键
     * @param path 接口路径,如:/test/hello
     * @param queryMap 动态URL参数集合
     * @param body 请求消息体对象
     * @return
     */
    @RequestLine("POST {path}")
    @Headers({
        "Content-Type: application/json",
        "Accept: application/json"
    })
    Object callback(URI host, @Param("path") String path, @QueryMap Map<String, Object> queryMap, Subject body);
}

调用回调方法:

CallbackAPI callbackAPI = Feign.builder()
        .encoder(new GsonEncoder())
        .decoder(new GsonDecoder())
        .logger(new Slf4jLogger())
        .logLevel(Logger.Level.FULL)
        .target(CallbackAPI.class, "EMPTY"); // 注意:这里的url参数不能为空字符串,但是可以设置为任意字符串值,在这里设置为“EMPTY”
String uri = "http://localhost:8080";
Map<String, Object> queryMap = new HashMap<>(0);
queryMap.put("k", "v");
Subject body = Subject.builder().id(10).build();
Object result = callbackAPI.callback(URI.create(uri), "/test/simple/post/json", queryMap, body);
System.out.println(result);

详细请求日志如下:

2022-02-14 15:32:13,118 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback] ---> POST http://localhost:8080/test/simple/post/json?k=v HTTP/1.1
2022-02-14 15:32:13,118 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback] Accept: application/json
2022-02-14 15:32:13,118 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback] Content-Length: 14
2022-02-14 15:32:13,118 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback] Content-Type: application/json
2022-02-14 15:32:13,118 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback]
2022-02-14 15:32:13,118 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback] {
  "id": 10
}
2022-02-14 15:32:13,118 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback] ---> END HTTP (14-byte body)
2022-02-14 15:32:13,153 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback] <--- HTTP/1.1 200 (32ms)
2022-02-14 15:32:13,153 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback] connection: keep-alive
2022-02-14 15:32:13,153 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback] content-length: 9
2022-02-14 15:32:13,153 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback] content-type: application/json
2022-02-14 15:32:13,153 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback] date: Mon, 14 Feb 2022 07:32:13 GMT
2022-02-14 15:32:13,153 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback] keep-alive: timeout=60
2022-02-14 15:32:13,153 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback]
2022-02-14 15:32:13,153 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback] {"id":10}
2022-02-14 15:32:13,153 DEBUG [main] f.Logger [Slf4jLogger.java:72] [CallbackAPI#callback] <--- END HTTP (9-byte body)

显然,动态设置目标主机和接口路径已经成功了。

使用Spring Cloud Feign定义统一回调方法

Spring Cloud Feign中实现定义统一回调接口方法可以直接使用注解进行标注,非常简洁。

定义统一回调方法:

// 注意:这里的url属性值不能为空字符串,但是可以设置为任意字符串值,在这里设置为“EMPTY”
@FeignClient(value = "CallbackAPI", url = "EMPTY", configuration = CallbackConfiguration.class)
public interface CallbackAPI {
    /**
     * 统一回调接口方法,请求消息体格式为JSON,响应消息体格式也为JSON
     * @param host 接口主机地址,如:http://localhost:8080
     * @param path 接口路径,如:/test/hello
     * @param queryMap 动态URL参数集合
     * @param body 请求消息体对象
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "{path}", method = RequestMethod.POST, consumes = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
    Object callback(URI host,
                    @PathVariable("path") String path,
                    @SpringQueryMap Map<String, Object> queryMap,
                    @RequestBody Object body);
}

// 回调接口配置
public class CallbackConfiguration {
    @Bean
    public Encoder feignEncoder() {
        return new GsonEncoder();
    }

    @Bean
    public Decoder feignDecoder() {
        return new GsonDecoder();
    }

    @Bean
    public Retryer feignRetryer() {
        return new Retryer.Default();
    }

    @Bean
    public Logger feignLogger() {
        return new Slf4jLogger();
    }

    @Bean
    public Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel() {
        return Logger.Level.FULL;
    }
}

调用回调方法:

@Autowired
CallbackAPI callbackAPI;

String uri = "http://localhost:8080";
Map<String, Object> queryMap = new HashMap<>(0);
queryMap.put("k", "v");
Subject subject = Subject.builder().id(10).build();
Object result = this.callbackAPI.callback(URI.create(uri), "/test/simple/post/json", queryMap, subject);

详细请求日志如下:

2022-02-14 15:38:38.908 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback] ---> POST http://localhost:8080/test/simple/post/json?k=v HTTP/1.1
2022-02-14 15:38:38.908 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback] Accept: application/json
2022-02-14 15:38:38.908 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback] Content-Length: 14
2022-02-14 15:38:38.908 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback] Content-Type: application/json
2022-02-14 15:38:38.908 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback]
2022-02-14 15:38:38.908 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback] {
  "id": 10
}
2022-02-14 15:38:38.908 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback] ---> END HTTP (14-byte body)
2022-02-14 15:38:38.924 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] s.n.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection  : sun.net.www.MessageHeader@539c48307 pairs: {POST /test/simple/post/json?k=v HTTP/1.1: null}{Accept: application/json}{Content-Type: application/json}{User-Agent: Java/1.8.0_271}{Host: localhost:8080}{Connection: keep-alive}{Content-Length: 14}
2022-02-14 15:38:38.945 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] s.n.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection  : sun.net.www.MessageHeader@681e913c6 pairs: {null: HTTP/1.1 200}{Content-Type: application/json}{Content-Length: 9}{Date: Mon, 14 Feb 2022 07:38:38 GMT}{Keep-Alive: timeout=60}{Connection: keep-alive}
2022-02-14 15:38:38.952 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback] <--- HTTP/1.1 200 (37ms)
2022-02-14 15:38:38.952 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback] connection: keep-alive
2022-02-14 15:38:38.952 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback] content-length: 9
2022-02-14 15:38:38.952 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback] content-type: application/json
2022-02-14 15:38:38.952 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback] date: Mon, 14 Feb 2022 07:38:38 GMT
2022-02-14 15:38:38.953 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback] keep-alive: timeout=60
2022-02-14 15:38:38.953 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback]
2022-02-14 15:38:38.955 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback] {"id":10}
2022-02-14 15:38:38.955 DEBUG 20184 --- [           main] feign.Logger                             : [CallbackAPI#callback] <--- END HTTP (9-byte body)

从日志详情看,在Spring Cloud Feign中同样实现动态URL的效果。

总结

在Feign中实现动态URL的关键在于2点:
1.使用URI类型的参数作为请求目标主机地址
2.将请求路径部分使用表达式进行替换

【参考】
https://www.cnblogs.com/syui-terra/p/14386188.html Feign 动态URL 解决记录
https://blog.csdn.net/kysmkj/article/details/89672952 Feign 访问远程api,动态指定url

02-15 08:28