转换为日期时间时如何修复ValueError？

问题描述

时间数据与我的格式不匹配的错误。

An error in which timedata does not match my format.

这是数据示例：

import pandas as pd

data = pd.DataFrame({'TransactionTime': ['Sat Feb 02 12:50:00 IST 2019']})

这是我的代码：

data['TransactionTime'] = pd.to_datetime(data['TransactionTime'], format = '%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Z %Y')

Traceback

Traceback

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
e:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\tools\datetimes.py in _convert_listlike_datetimes(arg, format, name, tz, unit, errors, infer_datetime_format, dayfirst, yearfirst, exact)
    431             try:
--> 432                 values, tz = conversion.datetime_to_datetime64(arg)
    433                 return DatetimeIndex._simple_new(values, name=name, tz=tz)

pandas\_libs\tslibs\conversion.pyx in pandas._libs.tslibs.conversion.datetime_to_datetime64()

TypeError: Unrecognized value type: <class 'str'>

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-139-ed51a35d7ed3> in <module>
----> 1 data['TransactionTime'] = pd.to_datetime(data['TransactionTime'], format = '%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Z %Y')

e:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\tools\datetimes.py in to_datetime(arg, errors, dayfirst, yearfirst, utc, format, exact, unit, infer_datetime_format, origin, cache)
    726             result = arg.map(cache_array)
    727         else:
--> 728             values = convert_listlike(arg._values, format)
    729             result = arg._constructor(values, index=arg.index, name=arg.name)
    730     elif isinstance(arg, (ABCDataFrame, abc.MutableMapping)):

e:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\tools\datetimes.py in _convert_listlike_datetimes(arg, format, name, tz, unit, errors, infer_datetime_format, dayfirst, yearfirst, exact)
    433                 return DatetimeIndex._simple_new(values, name=name, tz=tz)
    434             except (ValueError, TypeError):
--> 435                 raise e
    436 
    437     if result is None:

e:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\tools\datetimes.py in _convert_listlike_datetimes(arg, format, name, tz, unit, errors, infer_datetime_format, dayfirst, yearfirst, exact)
    398                 try:
    399                     result, timezones = array_strptime(
--> 400                         arg, format, exact=exact, errors=errors
    401                     )
    402                     if "%Z" in format or "%z" in format:

pandas\_libs\tslibs\strptime.pyx in pandas._libs.tslibs.strptime.array_strptime()

ValueError: time data 'Sat Feb 02 12:50:00 IST 2019' does not match format '%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Z %Y' (match)

推荐答案

该错误很可能是由％Z 无法解析 IST 正确的时区。

most likely the error originates from the problem that %Z cannot parse IST to the correct timezone. There are multiple timezones that can be abbreviated as 'IST', so it is ambiguous anyway.

要解析例如： 'IST'到特定时区，您可以定义映射字典并将其提供给 dateutil 的parser.parse：

To parse e.g. 'IST' to a specific timezone, you can define a mapping dict and supply that to dateutil's parser.parse:

import pandas as pd
import dateutil

tzmap = {'IST': dateutil.tz.gettz('Asia/Kolkata')}

data = pd.DataFrame({'TransactionTime': ['Sat Feb 02 12:50:00 IST 2019']})

data['TransactionTime'] = data['TransactionTime'].apply(lambda t: dateutil.parser.parse(t, tzinfos=tzmap))

# data['TransactionTime']
# 0   2019-02-02 12:50:00+05:30
# Name: TransactionTime, dtype: datetime64[ns, tzfile('Asia/Calcutta')]

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