https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/单片机
单片机，全称单片微型计算机（英语：single-chip microcomputer），又称微控制器（microcontroller），是把中央处理器、存储器、定时/计数器（timer/counter）、各种输入输出接口等都集成在一块集成电路芯片上的微型计算机。与应用在个人电脑中的通用型微处理器相比，它更强调自供应（不用外接硬件）和节约成本。它的最大优点是体积小，可放在仪表内部，但存储量小，输入输出接口简单，功能较低。由于其发展非常迅速，旧的单片机的定义已不能满足，所以在很多应用场合被称为范围更广的微控制器；由于单片机微电脑常用于当控制器故又名single chip microcontroller。单芯片是台湾对单片机的称呼；中国大陆主要采用“单片机”的称呼，英文缩写为MCU。
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcontroller
A microcontroller (or MCU for microcontroller unit) is a small computer on a single integrated circuit. In modern terminology, it is a System on a chip or SoC. A microcontroller contains one or more CPUs (processor cores) along with memory and programmable input/output peripherals. Program memory in the form of Ferroelectric RAM, NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a small amount of RAM. Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to themicroprocessors used in personal computers or other general purpose applications consisting of various discrete chips.